Exodus 3:10

Posted on February 22, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

10 Sed veni, et mittam te ad Pharaonem, ut educas populum meum, filios Israel de Ægypto.

But come, and I will send you to Pharao, so that you may bring out my people, the sons of Israel, from Egypt.”

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Sed but CONJ
2 veni come 2SG.PRES.ACT.IMP
3 et and CONJ
4 mittam I will send 1SG.FUT.ACT.IND
5 te you ACC.SG PRON
6 ad to PREP+ACC
7 Pharaonem Pharaoh ACC.SG.M PROPER
8 ut so that SUB.CONJ
9 educas you may bring out 2SG.PRES.ACT.SUBJ
10 populum people ACC.SG.M
11 meum my ACC.SG.M POSS
12 filios sons ACC.PL.M
13 Israel Israel GEN.SG.M PROPER
14 de from PREP+ABL
15 Ægypto Egypt ABL.SG.F PROPER

Syntax

Main Imperative:
Sed veni — “But come”
• Sed introduces contrast with the prior explanation.
• veni = direct divine summons.

Divine Commission:
et mittam te ad Pharaonem — “and I will send you to Pharaoh.”
• mittam = future indicative (firm divine intention).
• te = direct object of sending.
• ad Pharaonem = destination of the mission.

Purpose Clause:
ut educas populum meum — “so that you may bring out my people.”
• ut + subjunctive educas = purpose.
• populum meum = object.

Apposition:
filios Israel — “the sons of Israel.”
• Clarifies the identity of “my people.”

Source Phrase:
de Ægypto — “from Egypt.”
• Ablative of separation after de.

Morphology

  1. Sed — Lemma: sed; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: introduces contrast; Translation: “but”; Notes: Frequently marks divine redirection or escalation.
  2. veni — Lemma: venio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 2nd singular present active imperative; Function: command; Translation: “come”; Notes: Direct summons to Moses.
  3. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: links the imperative with the following declaration; Translation: “and”; Notes: Connective adding divine action.
  4. mittam — Lemma: mitto; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 1st singular future active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: “I will send”; Notes: Future denotes certain divine commission.
  5. te — Lemma: tu; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: accusative singular; Function: direct object of mittam; Translation: “you”; Notes: Refers to Moses.
  6. ad — Lemma: ad; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: expresses destination; Translation: “to”; Notes: Indicates direction toward Pharaoh.
  7. Pharaonem — Lemma: Pharao; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: object of ad; Translation: “Pharaoh”; Notes: Egyptian king addressed in the commission narrative.
  8. ut — Lemma: ut; Part of Speech: subordinating conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: introduces purpose clause; Translation: “so that”; Notes: Requires subjunctive verb.
  9. educas — Lemma: educo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 2nd singular present active subjunctive; Function: main verb of the purpose clause; Translation: “you may bring out”; Notes: Expresses intended mission outcome.
  10. populum — Lemma: populus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: object of educas; Translation: “people”; Notes: Refers to Israel as a collective group.
  11. meum — Lemma: meus; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: modifies populum; Translation: “my”; Notes: Indicates covenant ownership.
  12. filios — Lemma: filius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: apposition to populum; Translation: “sons”; Notes: Emphasizes Israel’s genealogical identity.
  13. Israel — Lemma: Israel; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: genitive modifying filios; Translation: “of Israel”; Notes: Marks the patriarchal lineage.
  14. de — Lemma: de; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: expresses separation; Translation: “from”; Notes: Common with verbs of deliverance.
  15. Ægypto — Lemma: Ægyptus; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: object of de; Translation: “Egypt”; Notes: Ablative of separation marking liberation from the land.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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