Exodus 13:10

Posted on March 4, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 13:10 Custodies huiuscemodi cultum statuto tempore a diebus in dies.

You shall keep this kind of observance at the appointed time, from days to days.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Custodies you shall keep 2SG.FUT.ACT.IND
2 huiuscemodi of this kind PRON.GEN.SG.N
3 cultum observance NOUN.ACC.SG.M
4 statuto appointed PART.PERF.PASS.ABL.SG.M
5 tempore time NOUN.ABL.SG.N
6 a from PREP+ABL
7 diebus days NOUN.ABL.PL.M
8 in to / into PREP+ACC
9 dies days NOUN.ACC.PL.M

Syntax

Main clause: Custodies huiuscemodi cultum — future indicative Custodies expresses obligation; direct object is cultum modified by huiuscemodi.
Ablative phrase: statuto tempore — ablative of time, “at the appointed time,” modifies the verb’s circumstance.
Prepositional phrase: a diebus in dies — idiom meaning “from day to day,” expressing continuity or regularity of the observance.

Morphology

  1. Custodies — Lemma: custodio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future active indicative second person singular; Function: main verb expressing obligation; Translation: “you shall keep”; Notes: prescriptive future.
  2. huiuscemodi — Lemma: huiuscemodi; Part of Speech: pronoun/adjective; Form: genitive singular neuter; Function: modifies cultum; Translation: “of this kind”; Notes: refers back to previous ritual instructions.
  3. cultum — Lemma: cultus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: direct object of Custodies; Translation: “observance”; Notes: denotes prescribed worship or ritual practice.
  4. statuto — Lemma: statuo; Part of Speech: participle; Form: perfect passive participle ablative singular masculine; Function: modifies tempore; Translation: “appointed”; Notes: expresses decree or fixed time.
  5. tempore — Lemma: tempus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: ablative of time; Translation: “time”; Notes: denotes specific festival moment.
  6. a — Lemma: a/ab; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: introduces point of origin; Translation: “from”; Notes: used idiomatically.
  7. diebus — Lemma: dies; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative plural masculine; Function: object of a; Translation: “days”; Notes: beginning of idiom.
  8. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: part of idiom; Translation: “into/to”; Notes: expresses progression.
  9. dies — Lemma: dies; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: complement of in; Translation: “days”; Notes: completes the phrase “from day to day.”

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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