Exodus 14:6

Posted on March 5, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 14:6 Iunxit ergo currum, et omnem populum suum assumpsit secum.

And he therefore yoked the chariot, and he took all his people with him.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Iunxit he yoked 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
2 ergo therefore ADV
3 currum the chariot NOUN.ACC.SG.M
4 et and CONJ
5 omnem all ADJ.ACC.SG.M
6 populum the people NOUN.ACC.SG.M
7 suum his ADJ.ACC.SG.M
8 assumpsit he took 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
9 secum with him ADV (SE + CUM)

Syntax

Main clause 1: Iunxit ergo currum — verb Iunxit with direct object currum; ergo gives logical transition.
Main clause 2: et omnem populum suum assumpsit secum — verb assumpsit with compound object omnem populum suum; secum expresses accompaniment.

Morphology

  1. Iunxit — Lemma: iungo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: perfect active indicative third singular; Function: main verb; Translation: “he yoked”; Notes: describes preparation of Pharaoh’s chariot.
  2. ergo — Lemma: ergo; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: indeclinable; Function: logical connective; Translation: “therefore”; Notes: marks consequence.
  3. currum — Lemma: currus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: direct object; Translation: “chariot”; Notes: royal war chariot.
  4. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: connects clauses; Translation: “and”; Notes: links actions.
  5. omnem — Lemma: omnis; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: modifies populum; Translation: “all”; Notes: totality emphasized.
  6. populum — Lemma: populus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: direct object; Translation: “people”; Notes: refers to Pharaoh’s military personnel.
  7. suum — Lemma: suus; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: modifies populum; Translation: “his”; Notes: reflexive possession referring to Pharaoh.
  8. assumpsit — Lemma: assumo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: perfect active indicative third singular; Function: main verb; Translation: “he took”; Notes: expresses decisive mobilization.
  9. secum — Lemma: se + cum; Part of Speech: adverbial phrase; Form: enclitic combination; Function: expresses accompaniment; Translation: “with him”; Notes: indicates Pharaoh kept the people close.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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