Exodus 33:21

Posted on March 24, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 33:21 Et iterum: Ecce, inquit, est locus apud me, et stabis supra petram.

And again: “Behold,” he said, “there is a place with Me, and you shall stand upon the rock.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Et and CONJ
2 iterum again ADV
3 Ecce behold INTJ
4 inquit he said 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND IRREG
5 est there is 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND IRREG
6 locus place NOM.SG.M 2ND DECL
7 apud with PREP+ACC
8 me me ACC.SG.1ST.PERS PRON
9 et and CONJ
10 stabis you shall stand 2SG.FUT.ACT.IND 1ST CONJ
11 supra upon PREP+ACC
12 petram rock ACC.SG.F 1ST DECL

Syntax

Narrative Link:
Et iterum — reintroduces continuing divine speech: “And again.”

Demonstrative Exclamation:
Ecce, inquit — “Behold, he said”; Ecce highlights divine instruction.

Main Declaration:
est locus apud me — “there is a place with me”; existential clause specifying a divinely designated position.

Command / Instruction:
et stabis supra petram — future indicative used imperatively: “and you shall stand upon the rock.”

Morphology

  1. Et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: narrative connector; Translation: and; Notes: continues divine discourse.
  2. iterum — Lemma: iterum; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: marks repetition; Translation: again; Notes: emphasizes continued revelation.
  3. Ecce — Lemma: ecce; Part of Speech: interjection; Form: invariable; Function: draws attention; Translation: behold; Notes: introduces dramatic instruction.
  4. inquit — Lemma: inquam; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 3rd person singular present active indicative; Function: verb of speech; Translation: he said; Notes: defective verb used parenthetically.
  5. est — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 3rd person singular present active indicative; Function: main verb of existential clause; Translation: there is; Notes: expresses existence of locus.
  6. locus — Lemma: locus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject of est; Translation: place; Notes: special designated position for Moses.
  7. apud — Lemma: apud; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: denotes proximity or presence; Translation: with; Notes: expresses closeness to the LORD.
  8. me — Lemma: ego; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: accusative singular; Function: object of apud; Translation: me; Notes: refers to the LORD.
  9. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: connects sequential instructions; Translation: and; Notes: simple coordination.
  10. stabis — Lemma: sto; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 2nd person singular future active indicative; Function: divine command/instruction; Translation: you shall stand; Notes: future indicative used with imperative force.
  11. supra — Lemma: supra; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: expresses spatial position; Translation: upon; Notes: literal physical placement.
  12. petram — Lemma: petra; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: object of supra; Translation: rock; Notes: designated location for Moses’ encounter.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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