Exodus 40:28

Posted on March 31, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 40:28 Labrum quoque statuit inter tabernaculum testimonii et altare, implens illud aqua.

He also set the basin between the tabernacle of the testimony and the altar, filling it with water.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Labrum basin ACC.SG.N.2ND.DECL
2 quoque also ADV
3 statuit he set 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
4 inter between PREP+ACC
5 tabernaculum tabernacle ACC.SG.N.2ND.DECL
6 testimonii of the testimony GEN.SG.N.2ND.DECL
7 et and CONJ
8 altare altar ACC.SG.N.3RD.DECL
9 implens filling PTCP.PRES.ACT.NOM.SG.M
10 illud it ACC.SG.N.PRON.DEM
11 aqua water ABL.SG.F.1ST.DECL

Syntax

Main Clause:
• Labrum quoque statuit — direct object + adverb + verb
— Labrum = object
— quoque = adds to previous placements
— statuit = perfect verb describing another setup act

Locative Phrase:
• inter tabernaculum testimonii et altare — “between the tabernacle of the testimony and the altar”
— inter governs accusative nouns
— testimonii genitive modifying tabernaculum

Participial Clause of Means:
• implens illud aqua — “filling it with water”
— implens describes additional action by the same subject
— aqua = ablative of means

Morphology

  1. Labrum — Lemma: labrum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter 2nd declension; Function: direct object; Translation: basin; Notes: refers to the laver used for ritual washing.
  2. quoque — Lemma: quoque; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: adds an additional action in sequence; Translation: also; Notes: emphasizes continuation of sanctuary preparations.
  3. statuit — Lemma: statuo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 3rd person singular perfect active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: he set; Notes: indicates successful placement of the laver.
  4. inter — Lemma: inter; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: indicates position between two objects; Translation: between; Notes: sets spatial relationship of washing basin.
  5. tabernaculum — Lemma: tabernaculum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter 2nd declension; Function: first object of inter; Translation: tabernacle; Notes: refers specifically to the tent structure.
  6. testimonii — Lemma: testimonium; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular neuter 2nd declension; Function: genitive modifying tabernaculum; Translation: of the testimony; Notes: identifies the tabernacle by its covenant significance.
  7. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordinates the paired elements of inter; Translation: and; Notes: joins the second object in the spatial pair.
  8. altare — Lemma: altare; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter 3rd declension; Function: second object of inter; Translation: altar; Notes: the altar for burnt offerings.
  9. implens — Lemma: impleo; Part of Speech: participle; Form: present active participle nominative singular masculine; Function: circumstantial participle; Translation: filling; Notes: describes simultaneous completion of the laver’s preparation.
  10. illud — Lemma: ille, illa, illud; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: accusative singular neuter demonstrative; Function: object of implens; Translation: it; Notes: refers to the laver.
  11. aqua — Lemma: aqua; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular feminine 1st declension; Function: ablative of means; Translation: with water; Notes: specifies the ritual material used to fill the laver.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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