Leviticus 23:11

Posted on April 23, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

11 qui elevabit fasciculum coram Domino, ut acceptabile sit pro vobis, altero die Sabbati, et sanctificabit illum.

who shall lift up the sheaf before the LORD, so that it may be acceptable for you, on the next day after the Sabbath, and he shall sanctify it.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 qui who NOM.SG.M.REL
2 elevabit shall lift up 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
3 fasciculum sheaf ACC.SG.M
4 coram before PREP+ABL
5 Domino the LORD ABL.SG.M
6 ut so that CONJ
7 acceptabile acceptable NOM.SG.N.ADJ
8 sit may be 3SG.PRES.ACT.SUBJ
9 pro for PREP+ABL
10 vobis you ABL.PL.PERS
11 altero other / next ABL.SG.M.ADJ
12 die day ABL.SG.M
13 Sabbati of the Sabbath GEN.SG.N
14 et and CONJ
15 sanctificabit shall sanctify 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
16 illum it ACC.SG.M.DEM

Syntax

Relative Agent Clause: qui elevabit fasciculum coram Domino — relative clause identifying the acting priest, with a future indicative prescribing the ritual lifting.
Purpose Clause: ut acceptabile sit pro vobis — ut + subjunctive expressing intended cultic acceptability on behalf of the people.
Temporal Specification: altero die Sabbati — ablative of time with genitive specification indicating the day following the Sabbath.
Consecratory Action: et sanctificabit illum — coordinated future clause declaring the act of consecration.

Morphology

  1. qui — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: Relative pronoun; Form: nominative masculine singular; Function: subject of the relative clause; Translation: “who”; Notes: Refers back to the priest mentioned previously.
  2. elevabit — Lemma: elevo; Part of Speech: Verb; Form: third person singular future active indicative; Function: prescribed ritual action; Translation: “shall lift up”; Notes: Describes the wave-offering movement.
  3. fasciculum — Lemma: fasciculus; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: accusative masculine singular; Function: direct object; Translation: “sheaf”; Notes: Represents the gathered firstfruits.
  4. coram — Lemma: coram; Part of Speech: Preposition; Form: governing the ablative; Function: locative relation; Translation: “before”; Notes: Indicates presentation in YHWH’s presence.
  5. Domino — Lemma: dominus; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: ablative masculine singular; Function: object of coram; Translation: “the LORD”; Notes: Refers to YHWH.
  6. ut — Lemma: ut; Part of Speech: Conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: introduces a purpose clause; Translation: “so that”; Notes: Signals intended result.
  7. acceptabile — Lemma: acceptabilis; Part of Speech: Adjective; Form: nominative neuter singular; Function: predicate adjective; Translation: “acceptable”; Notes: Cultic approval terminology.
  8. sit — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: Verb; Form: third person singular present active subjunctive; Function: verb of the purpose clause; Translation: “may be”; Notes: Required by ut.
  9. pro — Lemma: pro; Part of Speech: Preposition; Form: governing the ablative; Function: benefit/representation; Translation: “for”; Notes: Expresses substitutionary benefit.
  10. vobis — Lemma: vos; Part of Speech: Personal pronoun; Form: ablative plural; Function: object of pro; Translation: “you”; Notes: Refers to the people of Israel.
  11. altero — Lemma: alter; Part of Speech: Adjective; Form: ablative masculine singular; Function: modifies die; Translation: “other / next”; Notes: Indicates succession.
  12. die — Lemma: dies; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: ablative masculine singular; Function: ablative of time; Translation: “day”; Notes: Specifies the ritual date.
  13. Sabbati — Lemma: Sabbatum; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: genitive neuter singular; Function: genitive of specification; Translation: “of the Sabbath”; Notes: Defines the reference point.
  14. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: Conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: coordination; Translation: “and”; Notes: Links successive actions.
  15. sanctificabit — Lemma: sanctifico; Part of Speech: Verb; Form: third person singular future active indicative; Function: declarative consecration; Translation: “shall sanctify”; Notes: Formal act of setting apart.
  16. illum — Lemma: ille; Part of Speech: Demonstrative pronoun; Form: accusative masculine singular; Function: direct object; Translation: “it”; Notes: Refers back to the sheaf.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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