Leviticus 24:9

Posted on April 24, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 24:9 eruntque Aaron et filiorum eius, ut comedant eos in loco sancto: quia Sanctum sanctorum est de sacrificiis Domini iure perpetuo.

and they shall belong to Aaron and to his sons, so that they may eat them in a holy place; for it is a most holy thing from the sacrifices of the LORD by a perpetual right.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 eruntque and they shall be 3PL.FUT.ACT.IND
2 Aaron Aaron NOM.SG.M INDECL
3 et and CONJ
4 filiorum of the sons GEN.PL.M
5 eius his GEN.SG.M POSS
6 ut so that CONJ
7 comedant they may eat 3PL.PRES.SUBJ.ACT
8 eos them ACC.PL.M PRON
9 in in PREP+ABL
10 loco place ABL.SG.M
11 sancto holy ABL.SG.M ADJ
12 quia for CONJ
13 Sanctum most holy NOM.SG.N ADJ
14 sanctorum of holies GEN.PL.N
15 est is 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND
16 de from PREP+ABL
17 sacrificiis sacrifices ABL.PL.N
18 Domini of the LORD GEN.SG.M
19 iure by right ABL.SG.N
20 perpetuo perpetual ABL.SG.N ADJ

Syntax

Main Clause: erunt — future indicative establishing possession or allocation.

Possessive Construction: Aaron et filiorum eius — names the priestly beneficiaries.

Purpose Clause: ut comedant eos — subjunctive clause expressing the intended use.

Locative Phrase: in loco sancto — restricts the action to a sacred space.

Causal Clause: quia Sanctum sanctorum est — explains the restriction by holiness status.

Source Phrase: de sacrificiis Domini — identifies the cultic origin.

Normative Phrase: iure perpetuo — states enduring legal authorization.

Morphology

  1. eruntque — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person plural future indicative active with enclitic conjunction; Function: establishes future allocation; Translation: and they shall be; Notes: future indicative functions as legal determination.
  2. Aaron — Lemma: Aaron; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: nominative masculine singular, indeclinable; Function: first beneficiary; Translation: Aaron; Notes: high priestly recipient.
  3. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: coordinating conjunction; Function: links beneficiaries; Translation: and; Notes: additive coordination.
  4. filiorum — Lemma: filius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive masculine plural, second declension; Function: denotes possession; Translation: of the sons; Notes: indicates priestly lineage.
  5. eius — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: possessive pronoun; Form: genitive singular; Function: modifies filiorum; Translation: his; Notes: refers back to Aaron.
  6. ut — Lemma: ut; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: subordinating conjunction; Function: introduces purpose; Translation: so that; Notes: governs the subjunctive.
  7. comedant — Lemma: comedo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person plural present subjunctive active; Function: verb of the purpose clause; Translation: they may eat; Notes: expresses permitted ritual consumption.
  8. eos — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: demonstrative pronoun; Form: accusative masculine plural; Function: direct object of comedant; Translation: them; Notes: refers to the consecrated bread.
  9. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing the ablative; Function: indicates location; Translation: in; Notes: restricts spatial setting.
  10. loco — Lemma: locus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative masculine singular, second declension; Function: object of in; Translation: place; Notes: refers to a designated sacred area.
  11. sancto — Lemma: sanctus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: ablative masculine singular; Function: modifies loco; Translation: holy; Notes: marks cultic separation.
  12. quia — Lemma: quia; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: causal conjunction; Function: introduces reason; Translation: for; Notes: explains the restriction.
  13. Sanctum — Lemma: sanctus; Part of Speech: adjective used substantively; Form: nominative neuter singular; Function: subject complement; Translation: a most holy thing; Notes: neuter substantive expressing degree of holiness.
  14. sanctorum — Lemma: sanctus; Part of Speech: adjective used substantively; Form: genitive neuter plural; Function: genitive of superlative intensity; Translation: of holies; Notes: idiomatic Hebrew-influenced superlative construction.
  15. est — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular present indicative active; Function: copular verb; Translation: is; Notes: states a permanent status.
  16. de — Lemma: de; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing the ablative; Function: indicates source; Translation: from; Notes: marks origin within sacrificial system.
  17. sacrificiis — Lemma: sacrificium; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative neuter plural, second declension; Function: object of de; Translation: sacrifices; Notes: refers to offerings presented to God.
  18. Domini — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive masculine singular, second declension; Function: modifies sacrificiis; Translation: of the LORD; Notes: rendered “LORD” because it denotes YHWH.
  19. iure — Lemma: ius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative neuter singular, third declension; Function: ablative of manner or legal basis; Translation: by right; Notes: indicates lawful entitlement.
  20. perpetuo — Lemma: perpetuus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: ablative neuter singular; Function: modifies iure; Translation: perpetual; Notes: emphasizes unending validity.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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