Leviticus 27:22

Posted on April 27, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

22 Si ager emptus est, et non de possessione maiorum sanctificatus fuerit Domino,

If a field has been bought, and will have been consecrated to the LORD, and not from the possession of the ancestors,

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Si if CONJ
2 ager field NOUN.NOM.SG.M
3 emptus bought PERF.PASS.PTCP.NOM.SG.M
4 est has been 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND
5 et and CONJ
6 non not ADV
7 de from PREP+ABL
8 possessione possession NOUN.ABL.SG.F
9 maiorum of ancestors NOUN.GEN.PL.M
10 sanctificatus consecrated PERF.PASS.PTCP.NOM.SG.M
11 fuerit will have been 3SG.FUTP.ACT.SUBJ
12 Domino to the LORD NOUN.DAT.SG.M

Syntax

Conditional Clause: Si introduces the protasis.

First Predicate: ager (subject) + emptus est (perfect passive periphrastic construction indicating completed purchase).

Coordinated Predicate: et links second condition; negated prepositional phrase non de possessione maiorum modifies the source of the field; compound future perfect passive sanctificatus fuerit expresses consecration.

Dative Phrase: Domino indicates the recipient of consecration.

Morphology

  1. Si — Lemma: si; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: introduces conditional protasis; Translation: if; Notes: sets legal scenario for evaluation.
  2. ager — Lemma: ager; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine second declension; Function: subject of est and fuerit; Translation: field; Notes: agricultural property under discussion.
  3. emptus — Lemma: emere; Part of Speech: participle; Form: perfect passive participle nominative singular masculine; Function: predicate participle with est; Translation: bought; Notes: indicates acquired rather than inherited land.
  4. est — Lemma: esse; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular present active indicative; Function: auxiliary forming perfect passive; Translation: has been; Notes: completes periphrastic passive construction.
  5. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: connects two conditions; Translation: and; Notes: links purchase and consecration.
  6. non — Lemma: non; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: indeclinable; Function: negates source phrase; Translation: not; Notes: excludes ancestral possession.
  7. de — Lemma: de; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing ablative; Function: introduces source; Translation: from; Notes: indicates origin of property.
  8. possessione — Lemma: possessio; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular feminine third declension; Function: object of de; Translation: possession; Notes: denotes hereditary estate.
  9. maiorum — Lemma: maiores; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive plural masculine third declension; Function: dependent genitive with possessione; Translation: of ancestors; Notes: refers to inherited family land.
  10. sanctificatus — Lemma: sanctificare; Part of Speech: participle; Form: perfect passive participle nominative singular masculine; Function: predicate participle with fuerit; Translation: consecrated; Notes: indicates dedication to sacred use.
  11. fuerit — Lemma: esse; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future perfect active subjunctive; Function: auxiliary in compound passive within conditional; Translation: will have been; Notes: legal tense marking completed consecration.
  12. Domino — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: dative singular masculine second declension; Function: indirect object; Translation: to the LORD; Notes: refers to YHWH as sacred recipient.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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