Leviticus 27:18

Posted on April 27, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

18 sin autem post aliquantum temporis: supputabit sacerdos pecuniam iuxta annorum, qui reliqui sunt, numerum usque ad iubileum, et detrahetur ex pretio.

But if, however, after some time, the priest will calculate the money according to the number of the years which remain up to the jubilee, and it shall be deducted from the price.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 sin but if CONJ
2 autem however CONJ
3 post after PREP+ACC
4 aliquantum some ADJ.ACC.SG.N
5 temporis time NOUN.GEN.SG.N
6 supputabit will calculate 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
7 sacerdos priest NOUN.NOM.SG.M
8 pecuniam money NOUN.ACC.SG.F
9 iuxta according to PREP+ACC
10 annorum of years NOUN.GEN.PL.M
11 qui which PRON.REL.NOM.PL.M
12 reliqui remaining ADJ.NOM.PL.M
13 sunt are 3PL.PRES.ACT.IND
14 numerum number NOUN.ACC.SG.M
15 usque up to PREP+ACC
16 ad to PREP+ACC
17 iubileum jubilee NOUN.ACC.SG.N
18 et and CONJ
19 detrahetur shall be deducted 3SG.FUT.PASS.IND
20 ex from PREP+ABL
21 pretio price NOUN.ABL.SG.N

Syntax

Conditional Introduction: sin with autem introduces an alternative scenario to the prior rule.

Temporal Phrase: post aliquantum temporis — prepositional phrase expressing elapsed time.

Main Clause 1: sacerdos (subject) + supputabit (future verb) + pecuniam (direct object).

Standard Phrase: iuxta annorum numerum — according to the number of years.

Relative Clause: qui reliqui sunt modifies annorum, describing the years remaining.

Extent Phrase: usque ad iubileum — indicates endpoint.

Main Clause 2: detrahetur (future passive) + prepositional phrase ex pretio showing deduction from the established price.

Morphology

  1. sin — Lemma: sin; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: introduces contrasting conditional; Translation: but if; Notes: sets alternative case relative to previous regulation.
  2. autem — Lemma: autem; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: adds contrast; Translation: however; Notes: marks procedural shift.
  3. post — Lemma: post; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing accusative; Function: introduces temporal phrase; Translation: after; Notes: indicates lapse of time before reassessment.
  4. aliquantum — Lemma: aliquantus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: modifies temporis in measure expression; Translation: some; Notes: expresses indefinite quantity of time.
  5. temporis — Lemma: tempus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular neuter third declension; Function: partitive genitive with aliquantum; Translation: time; Notes: genitive dependent on quantity expression.
  6. supputabit — Lemma: supputare; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future active indicative first conjugation; Function: main verb of first clause; Translation: will calculate; Notes: denotes formal financial computation.
  7. sacerdos — Lemma: sacerdos; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine third declension; Function: subject of supputabit; Translation: priest; Notes: authority responsible for valuation adjustments.
  8. pecuniam — Lemma: pecunia; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine first declension; Function: direct object of supputabit; Translation: money; Notes: refers to recalculated monetary value.
  9. iuxta — Lemma: iuxta; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing accusative; Function: introduces standard phrase; Translation: according to; Notes: signals proportional calculation.
  10. annorum — Lemma: annus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive plural masculine second declension; Function: dependent genitive with numerum; Translation: of years; Notes: refers to remaining years in cycle.
  11. qui — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: subject of relative clause; Translation: which; Notes: refers to anni understood.
  12. reliqui — Lemma: reliquus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: predicate adjective with sunt; Translation: remaining; Notes: specifies years left until jubilee.
  13. sunt — Lemma: esse; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person plural present active indicative; Function: verb of relative clause; Translation: are; Notes: links predicate adjective to subject.
  14. numerum — Lemma: numerus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine second declension; Function: object implied with iuxta; Translation: number; Notes: measure of remaining time for valuation.
  15. usque — Lemma: usque; Part of Speech: adverb/preposition; Form: used with ad; Function: intensifies limit phrase; Translation: up to; Notes: marks endpoint emphasis.
  16. ad — Lemma: ad; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing accusative; Function: introduces limit; Translation: to; Notes: indicates terminal point in time.
  17. iubileum — Lemma: iubileum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter second declension; Function: object of ad; Translation: jubilee; Notes: reference to the fiftieth-year release cycle.
  18. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: links two main clauses; Translation: and; Notes: connects calculation with resulting adjustment.
  19. detrahetur — Lemma: detrahere; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future passive indicative third conjugation; Function: verb of second main clause; Translation: shall be deducted; Notes: passive shows automatic reduction from price.
  20. ex — Lemma: ex; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing ablative; Function: introduces source; Translation: from; Notes: expresses removal.
  21. pretio — Lemma: pretium; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular neuter second declension; Function: object of ex; Translation: price; Notes: the originally assessed valuation being reduced.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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