Leviticus 27:24

Posted on April 27, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

24 in iubileo autem revertetur ad priorem dominum, qui vendiderat eum, et habuerat in sorte possessionis suæ.

But in the jubilee it shall return to the former owner, who had sold it and had held it in the lot of his possession.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 in in PREP+ABL
2 iubileo jubilee NOUN.ABL.SG.N
3 autem however CONJ
4 revertetur will return 3SG.FUT.DEP.IND
5 ad to PREP+ACC
6 priorem former ADJ.ACC.SG.M.CMPR
7 dominum owner NOUN.ACC.SG.M
8 qui who PRON.REL.NOM.SG.M
9 vendiderat had sold 3SG.PLUP.ACT.IND
10 eum it PRON.DEM.ACC.SG.M
11 et and CONJ
12 habuerat had held 3SG.PLUP.ACT.IND
13 in in PREP+ABL
14 sorte lot NOUN.ABL.SG.F
15 possessionis of possession NOUN.GEN.SG.F
16 suæ his PRON.POSS.GEN.SG.F

Syntax

Temporal Phrase: in iubileo — prepositional phrase indicating the time of action; autem adds contrast.

Main Clause: revertetur (future deponent verb) with implied subject referring to the field; prepositional phrase ad priorem dominum expresses direction toward the former owner.

Relative Clause: qui (subject) + vendiderat + object eum; coordinated with et habuerat + prepositional phrase in sorte possessionis suæ, describing prior legal holding.

Morphology

  1. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing ablative; Function: introduces temporal phrase; Translation: in; Notes: marks time reference.
  2. iubileo — Lemma: iubileum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular neuter second declension; Function: object of in; Translation: jubilee; Notes: fiftieth-year restoration cycle.
  3. autem — Lemma: autem; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: connective particle; Translation: however; Notes: signals contrast with prior condition.
  4. revertetur — Lemma: reverti; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future deponent indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: will return; Notes: deponent verb expressing restoration.
  5. ad — Lemma: ad; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing accusative; Function: introduces direction; Translation: to; Notes: marks movement toward person.
  6. priorem — Lemma: prior; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative singular masculine comparative; Function: modifies dominum; Translation: former; Notes: comparative adjective indicating previous ownership.
  7. dominum — Lemma: dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine second declension; Function: object of ad; Translation: owner; Notes: refers to human proprietor, not YHWH.
  8. qui — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject of relative clause; Translation: who; Notes: refers to dominum.
  9. vendiderat — Lemma: vendere; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular pluperfect active indicative third conjugation; Function: verb of relative clause; Translation: had sold; Notes: marks completed prior transaction.
  10. eum — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: demonstrative pronoun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: direct object of vendiderat; Translation: it; Notes: refers to the field.
  11. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: coordinates verbs; Translation: and; Notes: links two past actions.
  12. habuerat — Lemma: habere; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular pluperfect active indicative second conjugation; Function: second verb of relative clause; Translation: had held; Notes: indicates former legal possession.
  13. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing ablative; Function: introduces locative/legal phrase; Translation: in; Notes: expresses state or context of holding.
  14. sorte — Lemma: sors; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular feminine third declension; Function: object of in; Translation: lot; Notes: refers to allotted inheritance portion.
  15. possessionis — Lemma: possessio; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular feminine third declension; Function: dependent genitive modifying sorte; Translation: of possession; Notes: denotes hereditary estate.
  16. suæ — Lemma: suus; Part of Speech: possessive pronoun; Form: genitive singular feminine; Function: modifies possessionis; Translation: his; Notes: reflexive referring to the former owner.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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