Numeri 3:51 (Numbers 3:51)

Posted on April 30, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Nm 3:51 et dedit eam Aaron et filiis eius iuxta verbum quod præceperat sibi Dominus.

and he gave it to Aaron and to his sons according to the word which the LORD had commanded to him.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 et and CONJ
2 dedit he gave 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
3 eam it ACC.SG.F
4 Aaron Aaron DAT.SG.M.INDECL
5 et and CONJ
6 filiis to sons DAT.PL.M
7 eius his GEN.SG.M
8 iuxta according to PREP+ACC
9 verbum word ACC.SG.N
10 quod which REL.ACC.SG.N
11 præceperat had commanded 3SG.PLUP.ACT.IND
12 sibi to him DAT.SG
13 Dominus LORD NOM.SG.M

Syntax

Main Clause: dedit eam Aaron et filiis eius — completed act of giving.

Standard Phrase: iuxta verbum — conformity to command.

Relative Clause: quod præceperat sibi Dominus — specifies the command.

Morphology

  1. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: coordinating conjunction; Function: links clause; Translation: and; Notes: Continuation.
  2. dedit — Lemma: do; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular perfect active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: he gave; Notes: Completed action.
  3. eam — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: direct object; Translation: it; Notes: Refers to the money.
  4. Aaron — Lemma: Aaron; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: dative singular masculine indeclinable; Function: indirect object; Translation: Aaron; Notes: Recipient.
  5. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: coordinating conjunction; Function: links recipients; Translation: and; Notes: Adds second recipient.
  6. filiis — Lemma: filius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: dative plural masculine; Function: indirect object; Translation: to sons; Notes: Recipients.
  7. eius — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: modifies filiis; Translation: his; Notes: Possessive.
  8. iuxta — Lemma: iuxta; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: standard; Translation: according to; Notes: Conformity.
  9. verbum — Lemma: verbum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: object of iuxta; Translation: word; Notes: Command reference.
  10. quod — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: object of præceperat; Translation: which; Notes: Refers to verbum.
  11. præceperat — Lemma: præcipio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular pluperfect active indicative; Function: verb of clause; Translation: had commanded; Notes: Prior action.
  12. sibi — Lemma: sui; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: dative singular reflexive; Function: indirect object; Translation: to him; Notes: Refers to Moses.
  13. Dominus — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject; Translation: LORD; Notes: Refers to YHWH.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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