Numeri 8:8 (Numbers 8:8)

Posted on May 5, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Nm 8:8 tollent bovem de armentis, et libamentum eius similam oleo conspersam: bovem autem alterum de armento tu accipies pro peccato:

they shall take a bull from the herds, and its grain offering of fine flour sprinkled with oil: but another bull from the herd you shall take for sin;

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 tollent they shall take 3PL.FUT.ACT.IND
2 bovem bull ACC.SG.M
3 de from PREP+ABL
4 armentis herds ABL.PL.N
5 et and CONJ
6 libamentum grain offering ACC.SG.N
7 eius its GEN.SG.M
8 similam fine flour ACC.SG.F
9 oleo with oil ABL.SG.N
10 conspersam sprinkled ACC.SG.F PERF.PASS.PTCP
11 bovem bull ACC.SG.M
12 autem however ADV
13 alterum another ACC.SG.M
14 de from PREP+ABL
15 armento herd ABL.SG.N
16 tu you NOM.SG
17 accipies you shall take 2SG.FUT.ACT.IND
18 pro for PREP+ABL
19 peccato sin ABL.SG.N

Syntax

Main Clause: tollent bovem de armentis — future indicative expressing commanded action carried out by others.

Coordinated Object: et libamentum eius similam oleo conspersam — adds the grain offering with descriptive participial phrase.

Contrastive Clause: bovem autem alterum… tu accipies — introduces a second action with emphasis on the subject tu.

Prepositional Phrase: pro peccato — expresses purpose of the second bull.

Morphology

  1. tollent — Lemma: tollo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 3rd person plural future active indicative; Function: verb; Translation: they shall take; Notes: Instructional future.
  2. bovem — Lemma: bos; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: direct object; Translation: bull; Notes: Sacrificial animal.
  3. de — Lemma: de; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing ablative; Function: source; Translation: from; Notes: Origin.
  4. armentis — Lemma: armentum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative plural neuter; Function: object of preposition; Translation: herds; Notes: Collective.
  5. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: —; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Adds element.
  6. libamentum — Lemma: libamentum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: direct object; Translation: grain offering; Notes: Accompanying offering.
  7. eius — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: modifies libamentum; Translation: its; Notes: Refers to bull.
  8. similam — Lemma: simila; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: apposition; Translation: fine flour; Notes: Substance of offering.
  9. oleo — Lemma: oleum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: means; Translation: with oil; Notes: Ingredient.
  10. conspersam — Lemma: conspergo; Part of Speech: participle; Form: accusative singular feminine perfect passive participle; Function: modifies similam; Translation: sprinkled; Notes: Preparation detail.
  11. bovem — Lemma: bos; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: object; Translation: bull; Notes: Second animal.
  12. autem — Lemma: autem; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: —; Function: contrast; Translation: however; Notes: Distinguishes clause.
  13. alterum — Lemma: alter; Part of Speech: pronoun/adjective; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: modifies bovem; Translation: another; Notes: Distinction.
  14. de — Lemma: de; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing ablative; Function: source; Translation: from; Notes: Origin.
  15. armento — Lemma: armentum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: object; Translation: herd; Notes: Source.
  16. tu — Lemma: tu; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: nominative singular; Function: subject; Translation: you; Notes: Emphatic subject.
  17. accipies — Lemma: accipio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 2nd person singular future active indicative; Function: verb; Translation: you shall take; Notes: Instruction.
  18. pro — Lemma: pro; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing ablative; Function: purpose; Translation: for; Notes: Indicates offering type.
  19. peccato — Lemma: peccatum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: object; Translation: sin; Notes: Sin offering context.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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