Numeri 8:7 (Numbers 8:7)

Posted on May 5, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Nm 8:7 iuxta hunc ritum: Aspergantur aqua lustrationis, et radant omnes pilos carnis suæ. Cumque laverint vestimenta sua, et mundati fuerint,

according to this rite: Let them be sprinkled with water of purification, and let them shave all the hair of their flesh. And when they have washed their garments, and have been cleansed,

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 iuxta according to PREP+ACC
2 hunc this ACC.SG.M DEM
3 ritum rite ACC.SG.M
4 Aspergantur let them be sprinkled 3PL.PRES.PASS.SUBJ
5 aqua with water ABL.SG.F
6 lustrationis of purification GEN.SG.F
7 et and CONJ
8 radant let them shave 3PL.PRES.ACT.SUBJ
9 omnes all ACC.PL.M
10 pilos hairs ACC.PL.M
11 carnis of flesh GEN.SG.F
12 suæ their GEN.SG.F POSS
13 Cumque and when CONJ
14 laverint they will have washed 3PL.FUT.PERF.ACT.IND
15 vestimenta garments ACC.PL.N
16 sua their ACC.PL.N POSS
17 et and CONJ
18 mundati having been cleansed NOM.PL.M PERF.PASS.PTCP
19 fuerint they will have been 3PL.FUT.PERF.ACT.IND

Syntax

Prepositional Phrase: iuxta hunc ritum — establishes the governing standard of action.

Jussive Clauses: Aspergantur… et radant… — present subjunctives expressing commanded ritual actions.

Direct Object Phrase: omnes pilos carnis suæ — specifies total removal of bodily hair.

Temporal Clause: Cumque laverint vestimenta sua — future perfect indicating completed preparatory action.

Coordinated Perfect Clause: et mundati fuerint — indicates completed state of purification.

Morphology

  1. iuxta — Lemma: iuxta; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing accusative; Function: introduces standard; Translation: according to; Notes: Conformity.
  2. hunc — Lemma: hic; Part of Speech: demonstrative pronoun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: modifies ritum; Translation: this; Notes: Specific instruction.
  3. ritum — Lemma: ritus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: object of preposition; Translation: rite; Notes: Ritual procedure.
  4. Aspergantur — Lemma: aspergo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 3rd person plural present passive subjunctive; Function: jussive; Translation: let them be sprinkled; Notes: Ritual purification.
  5. aqua — Lemma: aqua; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: means; Translation: with water; Notes: Instrument.
  6. lustrationis — Lemma: lustratio; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular feminine; Function: modifies aqua; Translation: of purification; Notes: Ritual cleansing.
  7. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: —; Function: links verbs; Translation: and; Notes: Coordination.
  8. radant — Lemma: rado; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 3rd person plural present active subjunctive; Function: jussive; Translation: let them shave; Notes: Ritual action.
  9. omnes — Lemma: omnis; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: modifies pilos; Translation: all; Notes: Totality.
  10. pilos — Lemma: pilus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: object; Translation: hairs; Notes: Physical detail.
  11. carnis — Lemma: caro; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular feminine; Function: modifies pilos; Translation: of flesh; Notes: Body reference.
  12. suæ — Lemma: suus; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: genitive singular feminine; Function: modifies carnis; Translation: their; Notes: Reflexive possession.
  13. Cumque — Lemma: cum + -que; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: —; Function: introduces temporal clause; Translation: and when; Notes: Sequential action.
  14. laverint — Lemma: lavo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 3rd person plural future perfect active indicative; Function: verb; Translation: they will have washed; Notes: Completed action.
  15. vestimenta — Lemma: vestimentum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural neuter; Function: object; Translation: garments; Notes: Clothing.
  16. sua — Lemma: suus; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: accusative plural neuter; Function: modifies vestimenta; Translation: their; Notes: Reflexive.
  17. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: —; Function: links clauses; Translation: and; Notes: Coordination.
  18. mundati — Lemma: mundo; Part of Speech: participle; Form: nominative plural masculine perfect passive participle; Function: with fuerint; Translation: having been cleansed; Notes: State after action.
  19. fuerint — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 3rd person plural future perfect active indicative; Function: auxiliary; Translation: they will have been; Notes: Completes passive perfect.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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