Numeri 10:29 (Numbers 10:29)

Posted on May 7, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Nm 10:29 Dixitque Moyses Hobab filio Raguel Madianitæ, cognato suo: Proficiscimur ad locum, quem Dominus daturus est nobis: veni nobiscum, ut benefaciamus tibi: quia Dominus bona promisit Israeli.

And said Moyses to Hobab the son of Raguel the Madianite, his kinsman: “We set out to the place, which the LORD is about to give to us; come with us, that we may do good to you; for the LORD has promised good to Israel.”

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Dixitque and he said 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND+CONJ
2 Moyses Moses NOM.SG.M
3 Hobab to Hobab DAT.SG.M
4 filio to son DAT.SG.M
5 Raguel Reuel INDECL
6 Madianitæ Midianite GEN.SG.M
7 cognato kinsman DAT.SG.M
8 suo his DAT.SG.M.POSS
9 Proficiscimur we set out 1PL.PRES.DEP.IND
10 ad to PREP+ACC
11 locum place ACC.SG.M
12 quem which ACC.SG.M.REL
13 Dominus the LORD NOM.SG.M
14 daturus about to give FUT.ACT.PTCP.NOM.SG.M
15 est is 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND
16 nobis to us DAT.PL
17 veni come 2SG.IMP.MOOD
18 nobiscum with us ABL.PL
19 ut that CONJ
20 benefaciamus we may do good 1PL.PRES.ACT.SUBJ
21 tibi to you DAT.SG
22 quia because CONJ
23 Dominus the LORD NOM.SG.M
24 bona good things ACC.PL.N
25 promisit has promised 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
26 Israeli to Israel DAT.SG

Syntax

Main Clause: Moyses (subject) + Dixitque (verb) + Hobab filio Raguel Madianitæ cognato suo (indirect object with apposition).

Indirect Statement / Clause: Proficiscimur ad locum — statement of action.

Relative Clause: quem Dominus daturus est nobis — modifies locum.

Imperative Clause: veni nobiscum — command.

Purpose Clause: ut benefaciamus tibi — expresses intention.

Causal Clause: quia Dominus bona promisit Israeli — gives reason.

Morphology

  1. Dixitque — Lemma: dico; Part of Speech: verb; Form: perfect active indicative third person singular with enclitic conjunction -que; Function: main verb; Translation: and he said; Notes: Introduces direct speech.
  2. Moyses — Lemma: Moyses; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject; Translation: Moyses; Notes: Speaker.
  3. Hobab — Lemma: Hobab; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: dative singular masculine; Function: indirect object; Translation: to Hobab; Notes: Recipient of speech.
  4. filio — Lemma: filius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: dative singular masculine; Function: apposition to Hobab; Translation: to son; Notes: Indicates lineage.
  5. Raguel — Lemma: Raguel; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: indeclinable; Function: genitive of specification; Translation: Raguel; Notes: Father’s name.
  6. Madianitæ — Lemma: Madianita; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: modifies Raguel; Translation: of the Madianite; Notes: Ethnic identification.
  7. cognato — Lemma: cognatus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: dative singular masculine; Function: apposition; Translation: kinsman; Notes: Family relation.
  8. suo — Lemma: suus; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: dative singular masculine; Function: modifies cognato; Translation: his; Notes: Reflexive to subject.
  9. Proficiscimur — Lemma: proficiscor; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present deponent indicative first person plural; Function: main verb of clause; Translation: we set out; Notes: Deponent verb with active meaning.
  10. ad — Lemma: ad; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: introduces destination; Translation: to; Notes: Movement toward.
  11. locum — Lemma: locus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: object of ad; Translation: place; Notes: Destination.
  12. quem — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: object of daturus est; Translation: which; Notes: Refers to locum.
  13. Dominus — Lemma: dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject; Translation: the LORD; Notes: Refers to YHWH.
  14. daturus — Lemma: do; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future active participle nominative singular masculine; Function: part of periphrastic future; Translation: about to give; Notes: Expresses intention.
  15. est — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present active indicative third person singular; Function: auxiliary; Translation: is; Notes: Forms periphrastic future.
  16. nobis — Lemma: nos; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: dative plural; Function: indirect object; Translation: to us; Notes: Recipients.
  17. veni — Lemma: venio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: imperative second person singular; Function: command; Translation: come; Notes: Direct exhortation.
  18. nobiscum — Lemma: nos cum; Part of Speech: pronoun phrase; Form: ablative plural; Function: accompaniment; Translation: with us; Notes: Compound form.
  19. ut — Lemma: ut; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: introduces purpose clause; Translation: that; Notes: Purpose marker.
  20. benefaciamus — Lemma: benefacio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present active subjunctive first person plural; Function: verb of purpose clause; Translation: we may do good; Notes: Subjunctive after ut.
  21. tibi — Lemma: tu; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: dative singular; Function: indirect object; Translation: to you; Notes: Recipient of benefit.
  22. quia — Lemma: quia; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: introduces causal clause; Translation: because; Notes: Gives reason.
  23. Dominus — Lemma: dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject; Translation: the LORD; Notes: Refers to YHWH.
  24. bona — Lemma: bonus; Part of Speech: adjective (substantive); Form: accusative plural neuter; Function: direct object; Translation: good things; Notes: Substantivized adjective.
  25. promisit — Lemma: promitto; Part of Speech: verb; Form: perfect active indicative third person singular; Function: main verb; Translation: has promised; Notes: Completed action.
  26. Israeli — Lemma: Israel; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: dative singular; Function: indirect object; Translation: to Israel; Notes: Recipient of promise.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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