Numeri 18:12 (Numbers 18:12)

Posted on May 15, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Nm 18:12 Omnem medullam olei, et vini, ac frumenti, quidquid offerunt primitiarum Domino, tibi dedi.

All the richness of oil and wine and grain, whatever they offer as firstfruits to the LORD, I have given to you.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Omnem all ACC.SG.F
2 medullam richness ACC.SG.F
3 olei of oil GEN.SG.N
4 et and CONJ
5 vini of wine GEN.SG.N
6 ac and CONJ
7 frumenti of grain GEN.SG.N
8 quidquid whatever ACC.SG.N.INDEF
9 offerunt they offer 3PL.PRES.ACT.IND
10 primitiarum as firstfruits GEN.PL.F
11 Domino to LORD DAT.SG.M
12 tibi to you DAT.SG
13 dedi I have given 1SG.PERF.ACT.IND

Syntax

Main Clause: Omnem medullam olei et vini ac frumenti (direct object) + dedi (verb) + tibi (indirect object)

Relative Clause: quidquid offerunt primitiarum Domino
→ offerunt (verb) with implied subject “they”
→ quidquid (direct object)
→ primitiarum (partitive or descriptive genitive)
→ Domino (dative of recipient)

Morphology

  1. Omnem — Lemma: omnis; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: modifies medullam; Translation: all; Notes: expresses totality.
  2. medullam — Lemma: medulla; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine, first declension; Function: direct object; Translation: richness; Notes: figuratively denotes the finest or choicest portion.
  3. olei — Lemma: oleum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular neuter, second declension; Function: modifies medullam; Translation: of oil; Notes: product associated with abundance.
  4. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: coordinating; Function: joins nouns; Translation: and; Notes: additive relation.
  5. vini — Lemma: vinum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular neuter, second declension; Function: modifies medullam; Translation: of wine; Notes: agricultural produce.
  6. ac — Lemma: ac; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: coordinating; Function: joins nouns; Translation: and; Notes: emphatic connective.
  7. frumenti — Lemma: frumentum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular neuter, second declension; Function: modifies medullam; Translation: of grain; Notes: staple produce.
  8. quidquid — Lemma: quidquid; Part of Speech: indefinite pronoun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: direct object in relative clause; Translation: whatever; Notes: unrestricted quantity.
  9. offerunt — Lemma: offero; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present active indicative, third person plural; Function: verb of relative clause; Translation: they offer; Notes: sacrificial presentation.
  10. primitiarum — Lemma: primitiae; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive plural feminine, first declension; Function: descriptive genitive; Translation: as firstfruits; Notes: indicates category of offering.
  11. Domino — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: dative singular masculine, second declension; Function: indirect object; Translation: to LORD; Notes: refers to YHWH.
  12. tibi — Lemma: tu; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: dative singular second person; Function: indirect object; Translation: to you; Notes: recipient of the provision.
  13. dedi — Lemma: do; Part of Speech: verb; Form: perfect active indicative, first person singular; Function: main verb; Translation: I have given; Notes: completed act of granting.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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