Exodus 16:32

Posted on March 7, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 16:32 Dixit autem Moyses: Iste est sermo, quem præcepit Dominus: Imple gomor ex eo, et custodiatur in futuras retro generationes: ut noverint panem, quo alui vos in solitudine, quando educti estis de Terra Ægypti.

And Moyses said: “This is the word which the LORD has commanded: ‘Fill a gomor of it, and let it be kept for future generations, so that they may know the bread with which I fed you in the wilderness, when you were brought out of the Land of Egypt.’”

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Dixit said 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
2 autem but CONJ
3 Moyses Moses NOM.SG.M
4 Iste this NOM.SG.M (DEM)
5 est is 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND
6 sermo word NOM.SG.M
7 quem which ACC.SG.M (REL)
8 præcepit has commanded 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
9 Dominus LORD NOM.SG.M
10 Imple fill 2SG.PRES.ACT.IMP.MOOD
11 gomor omer ACC.SG.N (INDECL)
12 ex from PREP+ABL
13 eo it ABL.SG.N (DEM)
14 et and CONJ
15 custodiatur let it be kept 3SG.PRES.PASS.SUBJ
16 in for PREP+ACC
17 futuras future ACC.PL.F (ADJ)
18 retro back / past ADV
19 generationes generations ACC.PL.F
20 ut so that CONJ
21 noverint they may know 3PL.FUTP.ACT.SUBJ
22 panem bread ACC.SG.M
23 quo with which ABL.SG.M/N (REL)
24 alui I fed 1SG.PERF.ACT.IND
25 vos you ACC.PL (PERS)
26 in in PREP+ABL
27 solitudine wilderness ABL.SG.F
28 quando when CONJ
29 educti having been brought out NOM.PL.M (PTCP.PERF.PASS)
30 estis you were 2PL.PRES.ACT.IND
31 de from PREP+ABL
32 Terra land ABL.SG.F
33 Ægypti of Egypt GEN.SG.F

Syntax

Main Clause: Dixit autem Moyses — introduces divine instruction through Moses.
Declarative Statement: Iste est sermo quem præcepit Dominus — identifies the exact divine command.
Imperative: Imple gomor ex eo — order to fill one gomor of manna.
Jussive Passive: custodiatur in futuras retro generationes — command to preserve it for posterity.
Purpose Clause: ut noverint panem — explains why it must be preserved.
Relative Clause: quo alui vos in solitudine — “with which I fed you in the wilderness.”
Temporal Clause: quando educti estis de Terra Ægypti — recalls the Exodus.

Morphology

  1. Dixit — Lemma: dico; Part of Speech: verb; Form: perfect active indicative, 3rd singular; Function: introduces speech; Translation: “said”; Notes: narrative perfect.
  2. autem — Lemma: autem; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: transitional; Translation: “but”; Notes: postpositive.
  3. Moyses — Lemma: Moyses; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject; Translation: “Moses”; Notes: proper name.
  4. Iste — Lemma: iste; Part of Speech: pronoun (demonstrative); Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject complement; Translation: “this”; Notes: emphatic demonstrative.
  5. est — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present active indicative, 3rd singular; Function: linking verb; Translation: “is”; Notes: equational.
  6. sermo — Lemma: sermo; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: predicate nominative; Translation: “word”; Notes: refers to divine instruction.
  7. quem — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: pronoun (relative); Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: object of præcepit; Translation: “which”; Notes: refers to sermo.
  8. præcepit — Lemma: præcipio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: perfect active indicative, 3rd singular; Function: main verb of relative clause; Translation: “has commanded”; Notes: divine authority.
  9. Dominus — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject; Translation: “LORD”; Notes: refers to YHWH.
  10. Imple — Lemma: impleo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: imperative, present active, 2nd singular; Function: command; Translation: “fill”; Notes: direct instruction.
  11. gomor — Lemma: gomor; Part of Speech: noun; Form: indeclinable; Function: direct object; Translation: “gomor”; Notes: Hebrew measure word עמר.
  12. ex — Lemma: ex; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: expresses source; Translation: “from”; Notes: separation.
  13. eo — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: object of ex; Translation: “it”; Notes: refers to manna.
  14. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: connects commands; Translation: “and”; Notes: coordinating.
  15. custodiatur — Lemma: custodio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present passive subjunctive, 3rd singular; Function: jussive passive; Translation: “let it be kept”; Notes: command expressed indirectly.
  16. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: expresses purpose; Translation: “for”; Notes: forward-looking.
  17. futuras — Lemma: futurus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative plural feminine; Function: modifies generationes; Translation: “future”; Notes: forward generations.
  18. retro — Lemma: retro; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: temporal nuance; Translation: “back”; Notes: idiomatically refers to ancestry.
  19. generationes — Lemma: generatio; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural feminine; Function: object of in; Translation: “generations”; Notes: posterity.
  20. ut — Lemma: ut; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: introduces purpose clause; Translation: “so that”; Notes: governs subjunctive.
  21. noverint — Lemma: nosco; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future perfect active subjunctive, 3rd plural; Function: verb of purpose; Translation: “they may know”; Notes: elevated prophetic tone.
  22. panem — Lemma: panis; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: object; Translation: “bread”; Notes: manna.
  23. quo — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: pronoun (relative); Form: ablative singular; Function: ablative of means; Translation: “with which”; Notes: refers to panem.
  24. alui — Lemma: alo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: perfect active indicative, 1st singular; Function: main verb of relative clause; Translation: “I fed”; Notes: refers to divine provision.
  25. vos — Lemma: vos; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: accusative plural; Function: object of alui; Translation: “you”; Notes: the Israelites.
  26. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: locative; Translation: “in”; Notes: spatial.
  27. solitudine — Lemma: solitudo; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: object of in; Translation: “wilderness”; Notes: the desert wandering.
  28. quando — Lemma: quando; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: introduces temporal clause; Translation: “when”; Notes: temporal marker.
  29. educti — Lemma: educo; Part of Speech: participle; Form: perfect passive participle, nominative plural masculine; Function: subject of estis; Translation: “having been brought out”; Notes: reference to the Exodus.
  30. estis — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present active indicative, 2nd plural; Function: auxiliary verb; Translation: “you were”; Notes: forms perfect passive.
  31. de — Lemma: de; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: origin; Translation: “from”; Notes: separation.
  32. Terra — Lemma: terra; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: object of de; Translation: “land”; Notes: geographical.
  33. Ægypti — Lemma: Ægyptus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular feminine; Function: dependent genitive; Translation: “of Egypt”; Notes: location of captivity.

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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