Exodus 28:35

Posted on March 19, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 28:35 Et vestietur ea Aaron in officio ministerii, ut audiatur sonitus quando ingreditur et egreditur Sanctuarium in conspectu Domini, et non moriatur.

And Aaron shall be clothed with it in the service of ministry, so that the sound may be heard when he enters and when he goes out of the Sanctuary before the LORD, and he shall not die.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Et and CONJ INDECL
2 vestietur he shall be clothed VERB 3 FUT PASS IND 3RD CONJ
3 ea with it PRON PERS ABL SG F
4 Aaron Aaron NOUN NOM SG M INDECL
5 in in PREP+ABL INDECL
6 officio office NOUN ABL SG N 2ND DECL
7 ministerii of ministry NOUN GEN SG N 2ND DECL
8 ut so that CONJ INDECL
9 audiatur may be heard VERB 3 PRES PASS SUBJ 3RD CONJ
10 sonitus sound NOUN NOM SG M 4TH DECL
11 quando when ADV/CONJ INDECL
12 ingreditur he enters VERB 3 PRES DEP IND 3RD CONJ
13 et and CONJ INDECL
14 egreditur he goes out VERB 3 PRES DEP IND 3RD CONJ
15 Sanctuarium Sanctuary NOUN ACC SG N 2ND DECL
16 in in PREP+ABL INDECL
17 conspectu presence NOUN ABL SG M 4TH DECL
18 Domini of the LORD NOUN GEN SG M 2ND DECL
19 et and CONJ INDECL
20 non not ADV INDECL
21 moriatur may die VERB 3 PRES DEP SUBJ 3RD CONJ

Syntax

Et vestietur ea Aaron is the main clause: “And Aaron shall be clothed with it,” the passive future describing mandated priestly practice.
The phrase in officio ministerii gives the ceremonial context.
A result clause follows: ut audiatur sonitus, “so that the sound may be heard,” indicating the ritual function of the bells.
Temporal markers quando ingreditur et egreditur specify when the sound is required—upon entering and leaving the Sanctuary.
The phrase in conspectu Domini establishes divine supervision.
The final clause et non moriatur gives the consequence: the required sound prevents his death during sacred approach.

Morphology

  1. Et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: connects to preceding instruction; Translation: “and”; Notes: standard coordinator.
  2. vestietur — Lemma: vestio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future passive indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: “he shall be clothed”; Notes: future indicative expresses ritual obligation.
  3. ea — Lemma: is, ea, id; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: ablative of means with passive; Translation: “with it”; Notes: refers to garment previously described.
  4. Aaron — Lemma: Aaron; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine, indeclinable; Function: subject; Translation: “Aaron”; Notes: proper name of high priest.
  5. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: indicates circumstance; Translation: “in”; Notes: introduces ceremonial context.
  6. officio — Lemma: officium; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular neuter, second declension; Function: object of in; Translation: “office”; Notes: refers to priestly duty.
  7. ministerii — Lemma: ministerium; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular neuter; Function: genitive of specification; Translation: “of ministry”; Notes: defines type of office.
  8. ut — Lemma: ut; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: introduces result clause; Translation: “so that”; Notes: demands subjunctive.
  9. audiatur — Lemma: audio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular present passive subjunctive; Function: verb of result clause; Translation: “may be heard”; Notes: passive expresses the bell’s sound being perceived.
  10. sonitus — Lemma: sonitus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine, fourth declension; Function: subject of audiatur; Translation: “sound”; Notes: refers to bells on garment.
  11. quando — Lemma: quando; Part of Speech: adverb/conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: introduces temporal clause; Translation: “when”; Notes: marks sacred entrance/exit moments.
  12. ingreditur — Lemma: ingredior; Part of Speech: verb (deponent); Form: third person singular present deponent indicative; Function: verb of temporal clause; Translation: “he enters”; Notes: deponent active in meaning.
  13. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: links two temporal actions; Translation: “and”; Notes: simple connector.
  14. egreditur — Lemma: egredior; Part of Speech: verb (deponent); Form: third person singular present deponent indicative; Function: temporal verb; Translation: “he goes out”; Notes: complements ingreditur.
  15. Sanctuarium — Lemma: sanctuarium; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter, second declension; Function: object of motion; Translation: “Sanctuary”; Notes: holy place before the LORD.
  16. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: locative; Translation: “in”; Notes: introduces place of divine presence.
  17. conspectu — Lemma: conspectus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular masculine, fourth declension; Function: object of in; Translation: “presence”; Notes: lit. “in the sight of”.
  18. Domini — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: genitive dependent on conspectu; Translation: “of the LORD”; Notes: refers to YHWH, therefore translated “LORD”.
  19. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: introduces final clause; Translation: “and”; Notes: connects purpose to consequence.
  20. non — Lemma: non; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: indeclinable; Function: negates verb; Translation: “not”; Notes: critical element of condition.
  21. moriatur — Lemma: morior; Part of Speech: verb (deponent); Form: third person singular present deponent subjunctive; Function: verb of negative purpose; Translation: “may die”; Notes: deponent form with active meaning; expresses danger for improper entry.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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