Exodus 38:24

Posted on March 29, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

24 Omne aurum quod expensum est in opere Sanctuarii, et quod oblatum est in donariis, viginti novem talentorum fuit, et septingentorum triginta siclorum ad mensuram Sanctuarii.

All the gold that was expended in the work of the Sanctuary, and that was offered in the gifts, amounted to twenty-nine talents and seven hundred thirty shekels, according to the measure of the Sanctuary.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Omne all NOM.SG.N ADJ
2 aurum gold NOM.SG.N NOUN
3 quod which NOM.SG.N PRON.REL
4 expensum expended NOM.SG.N PTCP.PERF.PASS
5 est was 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND
6 in in PREP+ABL
7 opere work ABL.SG.N NOUN
8 Sanctuarii of the Sanctuary GEN.SG.N NOUN
9 et and CONJ
10 quod which NOM.SG.N PRON.REL
11 oblatum offered NOM.SG.N PTCP.PERF.PASS
12 est was 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND
13 in in PREP+ABL
14 donariis gifts ABL.PL.N NOUN
15 viginti twenty INDECL.NUM
16 novem nine INDECL.NUM
17 talentorum of talents GEN.PL.N NOUN
18 fuit was 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
19 et and CONJ
20 septingentorum seven hundred GEN.PL.M NUM
21 triginta thirty INDECL.NUM
22 siclorum of shekels GEN.PL.M NOUN
23 ad according to PREP+ACC
24 mensuram measure ACC.SG.F NOUN
25 Sanctuarii of the Sanctuary GEN.SG.N NOUN

Syntax

Main clause:
Omne aurum … fuit — “All the gold … was.”
• omne aurum = subject
• fuit = finite verb of total valuation.

Two parallel relative clauses:
quod expensum est in opere Sanctuarii
et quod oblatum est in donariis
Each gives a source of the total gold.

Enumerative predicate:
viginti novem talentorum et septingentorum triginta siclorum — total weight expressed in Sanctuary-standard units.

Prepositional phrase of standardization:
ad mensuram Sanctuarii — according to the Sanctuary’s official weight standard.

Morphology

  1. Omne — Lemma: omnis; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: nominative singular neuter; Function: modifies aurum; Translation: all; Notes: totalizes the category.
  2. aurum — Lemma: aurum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular neuter; Function: subject; Translation: gold; Notes: refers to all gold used and donated.
  3. quod — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative singular neuter; Function: introduces relative clause; Translation: which; Notes: refers to aurum.
  4. expensum — Lemma: expendo; Part of Speech: participle; Form: nominative singular neuter perfect passive participle; Function: predicate in passive clause; Translation: expended; Notes: indicates measured disbursement.
  5. est — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 3rd singular present active indicative; Function: auxiliary; Translation: was; Notes: forms perfect passive.
  6. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: with ablative; Function: locative; Translation: in; Notes: locates expenditure context.
  7. opere — Lemma: opus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: complement of in; Translation: work; Notes: refers to construction.
  8. Sanctuarii — Lemma: sanctuarium; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular neuter; Function: possession; Translation: of the Sanctuary; Notes: denotes sacred space.
  9. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: links parallel clauses; Translation: and; Notes: balances two sources of gold.
  10. quod — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative singular neuter; Function: introduces second relative clause; Translation: which; Notes: again refers to aurum.
  11. oblatum — Lemma: offereo; Part of Speech: participle; Form: nominative singular neuter perfect passive; Function: predicate; Translation: offered; Notes: describes donation activity.
  12. est — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 3rd singular present active indicative; Function: auxiliary; Translation: was; Notes: forms perfect passive.
  13. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: with ablative; Function: locative; Translation: in; Notes: marks the sphere of offerings.
  14. donariis — Lemma: donarium; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative plural neuter; Function: complement of in; Translation: gifts; Notes: refers to voluntary contributions.
  15. viginti — Lemma: viginti; Part of Speech: numeral; Form: invariable; Function: quantifier; Translation: twenty; Notes: two-part compound numeral.
  16. novem — Lemma: novem; Part of Speech: numeral; Form: invariable; Function: completes numeral phrase; Translation: nine; Notes: total = 29.
  17. talentorum — Lemma: talentum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive plural neuter; Function: genitive of measure; Translation: of talents; Notes: heavy-unit reckoning.
  18. fuit — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 3rd singular perfect active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: was; Notes: expresses completed valuation.
  19. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: adds second component; Translation: and; Notes: links subordinate amount.
  20. septingentorum — Lemma: septingenti; Part of Speech: numeral; Form: genitive plural masculine; Function: modifies siclorum; Translation: seven hundred; Notes: part of total weight.
  21. triginta — Lemma: triginta; Part of Speech: numeral; Form: invariable; Function: completes numeral phrase; Translation: thirty; Notes: produces 730 shekels.
  22. siclorum — Lemma: siclus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive plural masculine; Function: genitive of measure; Translation: of shekels; Notes: smaller weight unit.
  23. ad — Lemma: ad; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: standard of comparison; Translation: according to; Notes: critical phrasing for official weight.
  24. mensuram — Lemma: mensura; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: complement of ad; Translation: measure; Notes: refers to calibrated standard.
  25. Sanctuarii — Lemma: sanctuarium; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular neuter; Function: genitive of specification; Translation: of the Sanctuary; Notes: official cultic standard.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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