Genesis 40:13

Posted on February 9, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Gn 40:13 post quos recordabitur Pharao ministerii tui, et restituet te in gradum pristinum: dabisque ei calicem iuxta officium tuum, sicut ante facere consueveras.

after which Pharao will remember your service and will restore you to your former position; and you will give him the goblet according to your duty, as you were accustomed to do before.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 post after PREP+ACC
2 quos which PRON.REL.ACC.PL.M
3 recordabitur will remember V.3SG.FUT.IND.DEP
4 Pharao Pharaoh NOUN.NOM.SG.M
5 ministerii of the service NOUN.GEN.SG.N
6 tui your ADJ.POSS.GEN.SG.M
7 et and CONJ
8 restituet will restore V.3SG.FUT.IND.ACT
9 te you PRON.PERS.ACC.SG
10 in into PREP+ACC
11 gradum rank NOUN.ACC.SG.M
12 pristinum former ADJ.ACC.SG.M
13 dabisque and you will give V.2SG.FUT.IND.ACT + ENCLITIC
14 ei to him PRON.PERS.DAT.SG
15 calicem goblet NOUN.ACC.SG.M
16 iuxta according to PREP+ACC
17 officium duty NOUN.ACC.SG.N
18 tuum your ADJ.POSS.ACC.SG.N
19 sicut just as CONJ
20 ante before ADV
21 facere to do V.PRES.ACT.INF
22 consueveras you were accustomed V.2SG.PLUPERF.IND.ACT

Syntax

Clause 1:
post quos recordabitur Pharao ministerii tui — “after which Pharaoh will remember your service.”
• Prepositional phrase: post quos
• Subject: Pharao
• Verb: recordabitur (deponent, future)
• Object (genitive): ministerii tui

Clause 2:
et restituet te in gradum pristinum — “and will restore you to your former rank.”
• Verb: restituet
• Direct object: te
• Prepositional complement: in gradum pristinum

Clause 3:
dabisque ei calicem iuxta officium tuum — “and you will give him the goblet according to your duty.”
• Verb: dabisque
• Indirect object: ei
• Direct object: calicem
• Phrase: iuxta officium tuum — standard formula for official duties.

Clause 4 (comparison):
sicut ante facere consueveras — “as you were accustomed to do before.”
• Conjunction: sicut
• Verb: consueveras
• Complement: facere (object infinitive)
• Adverb: ante

Morphology

  1. post — Lemma: post; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: introduces temporal phrase; Translation: “after”; Notes: Sets sequence of events.
  2. quos — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: object of post; Translation: “which”; Notes: Refers to the “three days.”
  3. recordabitur — Lemma: recordor; Part of Speech: deponent verb; Form: 3rd singular future indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: “will remember”; Notes: Takes genitive object.
  4. Pharao — Lemma: Pharaō; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject; Translation: “Pharaoh”; Notes: Uninflected foreign name.
  5. ministerii — Lemma: ministerium; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular neuter; Function: genitive object of recordabitur; Translation: “of service”; Notes: Indicates official duties.
  6. tui — Lemma: tuus; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: modifies ministerii; Translation: “of your”; Notes: Refers to the cupbearer.
  7. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: links clauses; Translation: “and”; Notes: Sequential narrative link.
  8. restituet — Lemma: restituo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 3rd singular future indicative active; Function: main verb; Translation: “will restore”; Notes: Predicts reinstatement.
  9. te — Lemma: tu; Part of Speech: personal pronoun; Form: accusative singular; Function: direct object; Translation: “you”; Notes: Refers to the cupbearer.
  10. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: introduces goal phrase; Translation: “into”; Notes: Motion toward state.
  11. gradum — Lemma: gradus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: object of in; Translation: “rank”; Notes: Official court position.
  12. pristinum — Lemma: pristinus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: modifies gradum; Translation: “former”; Notes: Restored status.
  13. dabisque — Lemma: do; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 2nd singular future indicative active with enclitic -que; Function: main verb; Translation: “and you will give”; Notes: Enclitic links action to prior event.
  14. ei — Lemma: is, ea, id; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: dative singular; Function: indirect object; Translation: “to him”; Notes: Refers to Pharaoh.
  15. calicem — Lemma: calix; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: direct object; Translation: “goblet”; Notes: Maintaining consistency with cupbearer imagery.
  16. iuxta — Lemma: iuxta; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: introduces standard-of-reference phrase; Translation: “according to”; Notes: Common in legal/official contexts.
  17. officium — Lemma: officium; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: object of iuxta; Translation: “duty”; Notes: Court ritual.
  18. tuum — Lemma: tuus; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: modifies officium; Translation: “your”; Notes: Cupbearer’s ordinary protocol.
  19. sicut — Lemma: sicut; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: introduces comparative clause; Translation: “as”; Notes: Compares past and future practice.
  20. ante — Lemma: ante; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: indeclinable; Function: temporal modifier; Translation: “before”; Notes: Refers to pre-imprisonment duties.
  21. facere — Lemma: facio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present active infinitive; Function: complementary infinitive; Translation: “to do”; Notes: Object of consueveras.
  22. consueveras — Lemma: consuesco; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 2nd singular pluperfect indicative active; Function: verb of comparison; Translation: “you were accustomed”; Notes: Denotes established prior routine.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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