Leviticus 2:8

Posted on April 2, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 2:8 quam offerens Domino, trades manibus sacerdotis.

which, when you offer it to the LORD, you shall hand over to the priest’s hands.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 quam which PRON, ACC.SG.F, REL
2 offerens offering PTCP, NOM.SG.M/F, PRES.ACT
3 Domino to the LORD NOUN, DAT.SG.M, 2ND DECL
4 trades you shall hand over VERB, 2SG.FUT.ACT.IND
5 manibus into the hands NOUN, ABL.PL.F, 4TH DECL
6 sacerdotis of the priest NOUN, GEN.SG.M, 3RD DECL

Syntax

Relative Clause: quam offerens Domino — “which, when you are offering it to the LORD,” with quam as object of the implicit offering action and offerens functioning as a circumstantial participle modifying the worshiper.
Main Clause: trades manibus sacerdotis — declares the required action: handing the offering into the hands of the priest. trades is the main verb, manibus expresses the receiving hands, and sacerdotis identifies whose hands.

Morphology

  1. quam — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: object within the relative clause; Translation: which; Notes: refers back to the griddle-offering previously mentioned.
  2. offerens — Lemma: offero; Part of Speech: participle; Form: nominative singular masculine/feminine present active participle; Function: circumstantial participle modifying the implied “you”; Translation: offering; Notes: conveys the action occurring simultaneously with the main verb.
  3. Domino — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: dative singular masculine; Function: indirect object; Translation: to the LORD; Notes: refers to YHWH as the one to whom the offering is directed.
  4. trades — Lemma: trado; Part of Speech: verb; Form: second person singular future active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: you shall hand over; Notes: legal-prescriptive future indicates obligatory ritual action.
  5. manibus — Lemma: manus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative plural feminine; Function: ablative of direction or recipient (“into the hands”); Translation: into the hands; Notes: manus is one of the few feminine 4th declension nouns.
  6. sacerdotis — Lemma: sacerdos; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: dependent genitive modifying manibus; Translation: of the priest; Notes: specifies authorized priestly recipient.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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