Leviticus 2:9

Posted on April 2, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 2:9 Qui cum obtulerit eam, tollet memoriale de sacrificio, et adolebit super altare in odorem suavitatis Domino,

He, when he has offered it, shall take the memorial from the sacrifice, and shall burn it upon the altar as a fragrance of sweetness to the LORD,

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Qui he who PRON, NOM.SG.M, REL
2 cum when CONJ
3 obtulerit he has offered VERB, 3SG.FUTP.ACT.IND
4 eam it PRON, ACC.SG.F, PERS
5 tollet he shall take VERB, 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
6 memoriale memorial portion NOUN, ACC.SG.N, 3RD DECL
7 de from PREP+ABL
8 sacrificio sacrifice NOUN, ABL.SG.N, 2ND DECL
9 et and CONJ
10 adolebit he shall burn VERB, 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
11 super upon PREP+ACC
12 altare altar NOUN, ACC.SG.N, 3RD DECL
13 in into PREP+ACC
14 odorem fragrance NOUN, ACC.SG.M, 3RD DECL
15 suavitatis of sweetness NOUN, GEN.SG.F, 3RD DECL
16 Domino to the LORD NOUN, DAT.SG.M, 2ND DECL

Syntax

Relative Clause: Qui cum obtulerit eam — “He who, when he has offered it,” with Qui as the subject referring to the offerer, cum marking a temporal clause, and obtulerit as the future-perfect verb indicating completed ritual action.
Main Clause: tollet memoriale de sacrificio — the offerer takes the memorial portion; memoriale is the direct object.
Coordinated Clause: et adolebit super altare — he burns it upon the altar; adolebit is the main verb, altare object of super.
Prepositional Phrase: in odorem suavitatis — expresses purpose/result (“as a fragrance of sweetness”).
Dative Complement: Domino — indicates the offering is directed to the LORD.

Morphology

  1. Qui — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: nominative singular masculine relative; Function: subject of the relative clause; Translation: he who; Notes: introduces the ritual actor in legal style.
  2. cum — Lemma: cum; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: introduces temporal clause; Translation: when; Notes: commonly marks time in sacrificial instructions.
  3. obtulerit — Lemma: offero; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future perfect active indicative; Function: verb of temporal clause; Translation: he has offered; Notes: future perfect denotes completed cultic action prerequisite to the next step.
  4. eam — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: direct object of obtulerit; Translation: it; Notes: refers to the grain-offering described previously.
  5. tollet — Lemma: tollo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: he shall take; Notes: marks obligatory ritual action.
  6. memoriale — Lemma: memoriale; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: direct object of tollet; Translation: memorial portion; Notes: refers to the part burned on the altar as a token before the LORD.
  7. de — Lemma: de; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: expresses source; Translation: from; Notes: indicates separation from the main offering.
  8. sacrificio — Lemma: sacrificium; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: object of de; Translation: sacrifice; Notes: denotes the grain-offering from which the memorial is taken.
  9. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: links actions; Translation: and; Notes: coordinates sequential ritual steps.
  10. adolebit — Lemma: adoleo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future active indicative; Function: second main verb; Translation: he shall burn; Notes: describes burning as fragrant offering.
  11. super — Lemma: super; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: expresses placement; Translation: upon; Notes: standard sacrificial preposition in Leviticus.
  12. altare — Lemma: altare; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: object of super; Translation: altar; Notes: refers to the bronze altar in the courtyard.
  13. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: expresses result or purpose; Translation: into; Notes: marks transformation into a fragrant offering.
  14. odorem — Lemma: odor; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: object of in; Translation: fragrance; Notes: technical sacrificial terminology.
  15. suavitatis — Lemma: suavitas; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular feminine; Function: genitive of quality; Translation: of sweetness; Notes: describes the pleasing nature of the offering.
  16. Domino — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: dative singular masculine; Function: indirect object; Translation: to the LORD; Notes: denotes YHWH as recipient of the offering.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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