Leviticus 26:18

Posted on April 26, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 26:18 Sin autem nec sic obedieritis mihi, addam correptiones vestras septuplum propter peccata vestra,

But if even so you will not obey me, I will add your punishments sevenfold because of your sins,

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Sin but if CONJ
2 autem however ADV
3 nec not even CONJ
4 sic thus ADV
5 obedieritis you will have obeyed 2PL.FUTP.IND.ACT
6 mihi to me DAT.SG.1.PERS.PRON
7 addam I will add 1SG.FUT.IND.ACT
8 correptiones punishments ACC.PL.F.3RD.DECL
9 vestras your ACC.PL.F.POSS.ADJ
10 septuplum sevenfold ADV
11 propter because of PREP+ACC
12 peccata sins ACC.PL.N.2ND.DECL
13 vestra your ACC.PL.N.POSS.ADJ

Syntax

Escalated Condition: Sin autem nec sic obedieritis mihi — adversative conditional clause intensifying prior warnings; future perfect marks completed refusal.
Judicial Response: addam correptiones vestras septuplum — future indicative declaring increased punitive action, with adverbial multiplier.
Causal Ground: propter peccata vestra — prepositional phrase stating the reason for escalation.

Morphology

  1. Sin — Lemma: sin; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: adversative conditional marker; Translation: but if; Notes: Introduces a stronger conditional following previous sanctions.
  2. autem — Lemma: autem; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: discourse contrast; Translation: however; Notes: Signals further escalation.
  3. nec — Lemma: nec; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: negative emphasis; Translation: not even; Notes: Intensifies the failure to respond.
  4. sic — Lemma: sic; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: manner; Translation: thus; Notes: Refers back to the preceding corrective measures.
  5. obedieritis — Lemma: obedio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: second person plural future perfect indicative active; Function: verb of the protasis; Translation: you will have obeyed; Notes: Future perfect underscores completed (non-)obedience.
  6. mihi — Lemma: ego; Part of Speech: personal pronoun; Form: dative singular first person; Function: indirect object; Translation: to me; Notes: Obedience is owed personally to the divine speaker.
  7. addam — Lemma: addo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: first person singular future indicative active; Function: main verb; Translation: I will add; Notes: Announces augmentation rather than replacement.
  8. correptiones — Lemma: correptio; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural feminine, third declension; Function: direct object; Translation: punishments; Notes: Disciplinary acts intended to correct.
  9. vestras — Lemma: vester; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: accusative plural feminine; Function: modifies correptiones; Translation: your; Notes: Applies penalties specifically to the addressees.
  10. septuplum — Lemma: septuplus; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: degree/multiplier; Translation: sevenfold; Notes: Conventional idiom for complete or intensified measure.
  11. propter — Lemma: propter; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing the accusative; Function: cause; Translation: because of; Notes: States the rationale for judgment.
  12. peccata — Lemma: peccatum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural neuter, second declension; Function: object of propter; Translation: sins; Notes: Moral violations prompting correction.
  13. vestra — Lemma: vester; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: accusative plural neuter; Function: modifies peccata; Translation: your; Notes: Assigns responsibility to the offenders.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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