Leviticus 26:34

Posted on April 26, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 26:34 Tunc placebunt terræ sabbata sua cunctis diebus solitudinis suæ: quando fueritis

Then the land shall be pleased with its sabbaths all the days of its desolation, when you shall have been

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Tunc then ADV
2 placebunt shall be pleased 3PL.FUT.IND.ACT
3 terræ the land NOM.PL.F.1ST.DECL
4 sabbata sabbaths ACC.PL.N.2ND.DECL
5 sua its own ACC.PL.N.POSS.ADJ
6 cunctis all ABL.PL.M.ADJ
7 diebus days ABL.PL.M.5TH.DECL
8 solitudinis of desolation GEN.SG.F.3RD.DECL
9 suæ its GEN.SG.F.POSS.ADJ
10 quando when CONJ
11 fueritis you shall have been 2PL.FUTP.IND.ACT

Syntax

Temporal Marker: Tunc — adverb introducing a future stage following judgment and exile.
Main Clause: placebunt terræ sabbata sua — future indicative with plural subject, personifying the land as finding satisfaction in rest.
Temporal Extent: cunctis diebus solitudinis suæ — ablative of time indicating the entire duration of desolation.
Incomplete Temporal Clause: quando fueritis — temporal conjunction with future perfect, intentionally left open awaiting its complement.

Morphology

  1. Tunc — Lemma: tunc; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: temporal adverb; Translation: then; Notes: Signals a consequence occurring after prior judgments.
  2. placebunt — Lemma: placeo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person plural future indicative active; Function: main verb; Translation: shall be pleased; Notes: Expresses satisfaction or acceptance.
  3. terræ — Lemma: terra; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative plural feminine, first declension; Function: subject; Translation: the land; Notes: Plural form used collectively for the territory.
  4. sabbata — Lemma: sabbatum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural neuter, second declension; Function: direct object; Translation: sabbaths; Notes: Refers to rest periods denied during occupation.
  5. sua — Lemma: suus; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: accusative plural neuter; Function: modifies sabbata; Translation: its own; Notes: Reflexive possession referring back to the land.
  6. cunctis — Lemma: cunctus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: ablative plural masculine; Function: modifies diebus; Translation: all; Notes: Emphasizes total duration.
  7. diebus — Lemma: dies; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative plural masculine, fifth declension; Function: ablative of time; Translation: days; Notes: Marks the time span of desolation.
  8. solitudinis — Lemma: solitudo; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular feminine, third declension; Function: dependent genitive; Translation: of desolation; Notes: Describes the land’s emptied condition.
  9. suæ — Lemma: suus; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: genitive singular feminine; Function: modifies solitudinis; Translation: its; Notes: Again refers reflexively to the land.
  10. quando — Lemma: quando; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: temporal conjunction; Translation: when; Notes: Introduces a time-setting clause.
  11. fueritis — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: second person plural future perfect indicative active; Function: verb of the temporal clause; Translation: you shall have been; Notes: Awaits a locative or predicate complement in the continuation.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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