Leviticus 26:36

Posted on April 26, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 26:36 Et qui de vobis remanserint, dabo pavorem in cordibus eorum in regionibus hostium, terrebit eos sonitus folii volantis, et ita fugient quasi gladium: cadent, nullo persequente,

And those of you who remain, I will put fear in their hearts in the regions of the enemies; the sound of a drifting leaf will terrify them, and they will flee as from a sword; they will fall, with no one pursuing,

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Et and CONJ
2 qui who REL.NOM.PL.M
3 de of PREP+ABL
4 vobis you ABL.PL.PERS.PRON
5 remanserint shall have remained 3PL.FUTP.SUBJ.ACT
6 dabo I will give 1SG.FUT.IND.ACT
7 pavorem fear ACC.SG.M.3RD.DECL
8 in in PREP+ABL
9 cordibus hearts ABL.PL.N.3RD.DECL
10 eorum their GEN.PL.PERS.PRON
11 in in PREP+ABL
12 regionibus regions ABL.PL.F.3RD.DECL
13 hostium of enemies GEN.PL.M.3RD.DECL
14 terrebit will terrify 3SG.FUT.IND.ACT
15 eos them ACC.PL.PERS.PRON
16 sonitus sound NOM.SG.M.4TH.DECL
17 folii of a leaf GEN.SG.N.2ND.DECL
18 volantis flying GEN.SG.PTCP.PRES.ACT
19 et and CONJ
20 ita thus ADV
21 fugient they will flee 3PL.FUT.IND.ACT
22 quasi as if ADV
23 gladium sword ACC.SG.M.2ND.DECL
24 cadent they will fall 3PL.FUT.IND.ACT
25 nullo no one ABL.SG.M.INDEF
26 persequente pursuing ABL.SG.PTCP.PRES.ACT

Syntax

Relative Protasis: qui de vobis remanserint — relative clause with future perfect subjunctive, identifying the survivors.
Primary Act: dabo pavorem in cordibus eorum — future indicative with double prepositional phrases expressing inner terror imposed.
Locative Context: in regionibus hostium — ablative of place situating fear in enemy territories.
Psychological Trigger: sonitus folii volantis — nominative subject producing terror disproportionate to the cause.
Comparative Flight: fugient quasi gladium — adverbial comparison indicating panic as from lethal threat.
Absolute Collapse: cadent, nullo persequente — main verb with ablative absolute emphasizing fear without pursuit.

Morphology

  1. Et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Continues the sequence of judgments.
  2. qui — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: subject of the relative clause; Translation: who; Notes: Refers to the surviving group.
  3. de — Lemma: de; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing the ablative; Function: partitive source; Translation: of; Notes: Indicates extraction from a larger group.
  4. vobis — Lemma: vos; Part of Speech: personal pronoun; Form: ablative plural; Function: object of de; Translation: you; Notes: Addresses the community directly.
  5. remanserint — Lemma: remaneo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person plural future perfect subjunctive active; Function: verb of relative clause; Translation: shall have remained; Notes: Marks survivors after devastation.
  6. dabo — Lemma: do; Part of Speech: verb; Form: first person singular future indicative active; Function: main verb; Translation: I will give; Notes: Introduces an imposed internal condition.
  7. pavorem — Lemma: pavor; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine, third declension; Function: direct object; Translation: fear; Notes: Sudden terror or panic.
  8. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing the ablative; Function: location; Translation: in; Notes: Indicates inner placement.
  9. cordibus — Lemma: cor; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative plural neuter, third declension; Function: object of in; Translation: hearts; Notes: Seat of thought and emotion.
  10. eorum — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: personal pronoun; Form: genitive plural; Function: possessive modifier; Translation: their; Notes: Refers to the survivors.
  11. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing the ablative; Function: location; Translation: in; Notes: Introduces external setting.
  12. regionibus — Lemma: regio; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative plural feminine, third declension; Function: object of in; Translation: regions; Notes: Territorial areas of exile.
  13. hostium — Lemma: hostis; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive plural masculine, third declension; Function: dependent genitive; Translation: of enemies; Notes: Foreign oppressors.
  14. terrebit — Lemma: terreo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future indicative active; Function: main verb; Translation: will terrify; Notes: Sudden fright response.
  15. eos — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: personal pronoun; Form: accusative plural; Function: direct object; Translation: them; Notes: Refers to the fearful survivors.
  16. sonitus — Lemma: sonitus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine, fourth declension; Function: subject; Translation: sound; Notes: A minor noise becomes overwhelming.
  17. folii — Lemma: folium; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular neuter, second declension; Function: dependent genitive; Translation: of a leaf; Notes: Trivial object highlighting excess fear.
  18. volantis — Lemma: volo; Part of Speech: participle; Form: genitive singular present active participle; Function: modifies folii; Translation: flying; Notes: Describes motion causing the sound.
  19. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Links fear to flight.
  20. ita — Lemma: ita; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: manner; Translation: thus; Notes: Marks consequence.
  21. fugient — Lemma: fugio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person plural future indicative active; Function: main verb; Translation: they will flee; Notes: Panic-driven escape.
  22. quasi — Lemma: quasi; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: comparison; Translation: as if; Notes: Introduces imagined threat.
  23. gladium — Lemma: gladius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine, second declension; Function: object of comparison; Translation: sword; Notes: Symbol of mortal danger.
  24. cadent — Lemma: cado; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person plural future indicative active; Function: main verb; Translation: they will fall; Notes: Collapse caused by terror.
  25. nullo — Lemma: nullus; Part of Speech: indefinite adjective/pronoun; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: ablative absolute; Translation: with no one; Notes: Emphasizes absence of a pursuer.
  26. persequente — Lemma: persequor; Part of Speech: participle; Form: ablative singular present active participle; Function: ablative absolute; Translation: pursuing; Notes: Fear exists without external threat.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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