Leviticus 27:31

Posted on April 27, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 27:31 Si quis autem voluerit redimere decimas suas, addet quintam partem earum.

If anyone, however, shall wish to redeem his tithes, he shall add a fifth part of them.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Si if CONJ
2 quis anyone PRON.INDEF.NOM.SG.M
3 autem however CONJ
4 voluerit shall wish 3SG.FUTP.ACT.SUBJ
5 redimere to redeem PRES.ACT.INF
6 decimas tithes NOUN.ACC.PL.F
7 suas his PRON.POSS.ACC.PL.F
8 addet will add 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
9 quintam fifth ADJ.ACC.SG.F
10 partem part NOUN.ACC.SG.F
11 earum of them PRON.DEM.GEN.PL.F

Syntax

Conditional Clause: Si quis autem voluerit redimere decimas suas — quis as subject; voluerit (future perfect subjunctive) governs the complementary infinitive redimere; direct object decimas suas.

Main Clause: addet — future indicative expressing required action; direct object quintam partem; dependent genitive earum referring back to the tithes.

Morphology

  1. Si — Lemma: si; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: introduces condition; Translation: if; Notes: sets legal contingency.
  2. quis — Lemma: quis; Part of Speech: indefinite pronoun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject of voluerit; Translation: anyone; Notes: general, unspecified individual.
  3. autem — Lemma: autem; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: connective particle; Translation: however; Notes: introduces an alternative case within the regulation.
  4. voluerit — Lemma: velle; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future perfect active subjunctive; Function: verb of conditional clause; Translation: shall wish; Notes: expresses completed volition in future condition.
  5. redimere — Lemma: redimere; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present active infinitive third conjugation; Function: complementary infinitive; Translation: to redeem; Notes: act of buying back tithe produce.
  6. decimas — Lemma: decima; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural feminine first declension; Function: direct object of redimere; Translation: tithes; Notes: tenth portions dedicated to the LORD.
  7. suas — Lemma: suus; Part of Speech: possessive pronoun; Form: accusative plural feminine; Function: modifies decimas; Translation: his; Notes: reflexive possession referring to the subject.
  8. addet — Lemma: addere; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future active indicative third conjugation; Function: main verb; Translation: will add; Notes: prescribes mandatory surcharge.
  9. quintam — Lemma: quintus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: modifies partem; Translation: fifth; Notes: specifies required fraction.
  10. partem — Lemma: pars; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine third declension; Function: direct object of addet; Translation: part; Notes: additional one-fifth payment.
  11. earum — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: demonstrative pronoun; Form: genitive plural feminine; Function: dependent genitive; Translation: of them; Notes: refers back to the tithes.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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