Leviticus 27:33

Posted on April 27, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 27:33 Non eligetur nec bonum nec malum, nec altero commutabitur. si quis mutaverit: et quod mutatum est, et pro quo mutatum est, sanctificabitur Domino, et non redimetur.

It shall not be chosen, neither good nor bad, nor shall it be exchanged for another. If anyone shall have exchanged it, both what has been exchanged and that for which it has been exchanged shall be sanctified to the LORD, and it shall not be redeemed.’”

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Non not ADV
2 eligetur will be chosen 3SG.FUT.PASS.IND
3 nec nor CONJ
4 bonum good ADJ.ACC.SG.N
5 nec nor CONJ
6 malum bad ADJ.ACC.SG.N
7 nec nor CONJ
8 altero for another ADJ.ABL.SG.N
9 commutabitur will be exchanged 3SG.FUT.PASS.IND
10 si if CONJ
11 quis anyone PRON.INDEF.NOM.SG.M
12 mutaverit shall have changed 3SG.FUTP.ACT.SUBJ
13 et and CONJ
14 quod what PRON.REL.NOM.SG.N
15 mutatum changed PERF.PASS.PTCP.NOM.SG.N
16 est is 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND
17 et and CONJ
18 pro for PREP+ABL
19 quo which PRON.REL.ABL.SG.N
20 mutatum changed PERF.PASS.PTCP.NOM.SG.N
21 est is 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND
22 sanctificabitur shall be sanctified 3SG.FUT.PASS.IND
23 Domino to the LORD NOUN.DAT.SG.M
24 et and CONJ
25 non not ADV
26 redimetur will be redeemed 3SG.FUT.PASS.IND

Syntax

Main Prohibition: Non eligetur — future passive expressing rule; coordinated negatives nec bonum nec malum function as internal accusatives specifying quality.

Second Prohibition: nec altero commutabitur — ablative altero expresses exchange with another.

Conditional Clause: si quis mutaverit — future perfect subjunctive indicating completed action in a future contingency.

Result Clause: et quod mutatum est et pro quo mutatum est sanctificabitur Domino — compound subject formed by two coordinated relative clauses; predicate sanctificabitur with dative of reference.

Final Prohibition: et non redimetur — reiterates irredeemable status.

Morphology

  1. Non — Lemma: non; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: indeclinable; Function: negation; Translation: not; Notes: absolute legal prohibition.
  2. eligetur — Lemma: eligere; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future passive indicative third conjugation; Function: main verb; Translation: will be chosen; Notes: selection not permitted.
  3. nec — Lemma: nec; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: negative coordinator; Translation: nor; Notes: links exclusions.
  4. bonum — Lemma: bonus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: internal object; Translation: good; Notes: quality irrelevant.
  5. nec — Lemma: nec; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: negative coordinator; Translation: nor; Notes: balances pair.
  6. malum — Lemma: malus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: internal object; Translation: bad; Notes: no discrimination permitted.
  7. nec — Lemma: nec; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: negative coordinator; Translation: nor; Notes: continues prohibition.
  8. altero — Lemma: alter; Part of Speech: adjective/pronoun; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: ablative of exchange; Translation: for another; Notes: indicates substitute.
  9. commutabitur — Lemma: commutare; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future passive indicative first conjugation; Function: coordinated verb; Translation: will be exchanged; Notes: forbids substitution.
  10. si — Lemma: si; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: conditional marker; Translation: if; Notes: introduces violation case.
  11. quis — Lemma: quis; Part of Speech: indefinite pronoun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject of mutaverit; Translation: anyone; Notes: unspecified agent.
  12. mutaverit — Lemma: mutare; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future perfect active subjunctive first conjugation; Function: verb of conditional clause; Translation: shall have changed; Notes: completed substitution.
  13. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: coordinates subjects; Translation: and; Notes: links both items.
  14. quod — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative singular neuter; Function: subject of clause; Translation: what; Notes: refers to exchanged item.
  15. mutatum — Lemma: mutare; Part of Speech: participle; Form: perfect passive participle nominative singular neuter; Function: predicate participle; Translation: changed; Notes: describes item.
  16. est — Lemma: esse; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular present active indicative; Function: auxiliary; Translation: is; Notes: forms perfect passive.
  17. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: joins second relative phrase.
  18. pro — Lemma: pro; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing ablative; Function: introduces substitution; Translation: for; Notes: indicates replacement.
  19. quo — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: object of pro; Translation: which; Notes: refers to original item.
  20. mutatum — Lemma: mutare; Part of Speech: participle; Form: perfect passive participle nominative singular neuter; Function: predicate participle; Translation: changed; Notes: describes substitute.
  21. est — Lemma: esse; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular present active indicative; Function: auxiliary; Translation: is; Notes: completes passive form.
  22. sanctificabitur — Lemma: sanctificare; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future passive indicative first conjugation; Function: main predicate; Translation: shall be sanctified; Notes: both items become sacred.
  23. Domino — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: dative singular masculine second declension; Function: dative of reference; Translation: to the LORD; Notes: indicates dedication to YHWH.
  24. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: adds final clause.
  25. non — Lemma: non; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: indeclinable; Function: negation; Translation: not; Notes: reiterates prohibition.
  26. redimetur — Lemma: redimere; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future passive indicative third conjugation; Function: final predicate; Translation: will be redeemed; Notes: irrevocable dedication.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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