Numeri 14:11 (Numbers 14:11)

Posted on May 11, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Nm 14:11 Et dixit Dominus ad Moysen: Usquequo detrahet mihi populus iste? Quousque non credent mihi in omnibus signis, quæ feci coram eis?

And the LORD said to Moyses: “How long will this people detract from me? How long will they not believe me in all the signs which I have done before them?

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Et and CONJ
2 dixit said 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
3 Dominus LORD NOM.SG.M.NOUN
4 ad to PREP+ACC
5 Moysen Moses ACC.SG.M.PROPN
6 Usquequo how long ADV
7 detrahet will detract 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
8 mihi from me DAT.SG.PERS.PRON
9 populus people NOM.SG.M.NOUN
10 iste this NOM.SG.M.DEM.PRON
11 Quousque how long ADV
12 non not ADV
13 credent will believe 3PL.FUT.ACT.IND
14 mihi me DAT.SG.PERS.PRON
15 in in PREP+ABL
16 omnibus all ABL.PL.N.ADJ
17 signis signs ABL.PL.N.NOUN
18 quæ which ACC.PL.N.REL.PRON
19 feci I have done 1SG.PERF.ACT.IND
20 coram before PREP+ABL
21 eis them ABL.PL.PERS.PRON

Syntax

Main Clause: Dominus dixit ad Moysen — Dominus is the subject; dixit is the verb; ad Moysen is the indirect object.

Interrogative Clause 1: Usquequo detrahet mihi populus iste — populus iste is the subject; detrahet is the verb; mihi is the dative object.

Interrogative Clause 2: Quousque non credent mihi — credent is the verb; mihi is the dative of the person believed.

Prepositional Phrase: in omnibus signis — expresses the sphere or context of belief.

Relative Clause: quæ feci coram eis — modifies signis, with quæ as object of feci.

Morphology

  1. Et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable conjunction; Function: connective; Translation: and; Notes: Links this speech to the preceding narrative.
  2. dixit — Lemma: dico; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular perfect active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: said; Notes: Introduces direct speech.
  3. Dominus — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject; Translation: LORD; Notes: Refers to YHWH.
  4. ad — Lemma: ad; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: takes accusative; Function: introduces indirect object; Translation: to; Notes: Indicates direction toward the listener.
  5. Moysen — Lemma: Moyses; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: object of ad; Translation: Moyses; Notes: Latin form of Moses.
  6. Usquequo — Lemma: usquequo; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: indeclinable; Function: interrogative; Translation: how long; Notes: Expresses duration of complaint.
  7. detrahet — Lemma: detraho; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future active indicative; Function: verb of clause; Translation: will detract; Notes: Implies rejection or disdain.
  8. mihi — Lemma: ego; Part of Speech: personal pronoun; Form: dative singular; Function: indirect object; Translation: from me; Notes: Dative of reference or disadvantage.
  9. populus — Lemma: populus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject; Translation: people; Notes: Refers to Israel as a collective.
  10. iste — Lemma: iste; Part of Speech: demonstrative pronoun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: modifies populus; Translation: this; Notes: Often carries a slightly negative nuance.
  11. Quousque — Lemma: quousque; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: indeclinable; Function: interrogative; Translation: how long; Notes: Repeats the complaint for emphasis.
  12. non — Lemma: non; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: indeclinable; Function: negation; Translation: not; Notes: Negates belief.
  13. credent — Lemma: credo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person plural future active indicative; Function: verb; Translation: will believe; Notes: Governs dative of person.
  14. mihi — Lemma: ego; Part of Speech: personal pronoun; Form: dative singular; Function: indirect object; Translation: me; Notes: Dative with verb of believing.
  15. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: takes ablative; Function: introduces phrase; Translation: in; Notes: Expresses sphere or respect.
  16. omnibus — Lemma: omnis; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: ablative plural neuter; Function: modifies signis; Translation: all; Notes: Totality of evidence.
  17. signis — Lemma: signum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative plural neuter; Function: object of in; Translation: signs; Notes: Refers to divine acts.
  18. quæ — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: accusative plural neuter; Function: object of feci; Translation: which; Notes: Refers to signis.
  19. feci — Lemma: facio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: first person singular perfect active indicative; Function: verb of relative clause; Translation: I have done; Notes: Indicates completed divine actions.
  20. coram — Lemma: coram; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: takes ablative; Function: introduces phrase; Translation: before; Notes: Indicates presence.
  21. eis — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: ablative plural; Function: object of coram; Translation: them; Notes: Refers to the people witnessing the signs.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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