Numeri 15:10 (Numbers 15:10)

Posted on May 12, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Nm 15:10 et vinum ad liba fundenda eiusdem mensuræ in oblationem suavissimi odoris Domino.

and wine for the drink offerings to be poured out, of the same measure, for an oblation of most sweet odor to the LORD.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 et and CONJ
2 vinum wine ACC.SG.N.2ND DECL.OBJ
3 ad for PREP+ACC
4 liba drink offerings ACC.PL.N.2ND DECL
5 fundenda to be poured GERUNDV.ACC.PL.N
6 eiusdem of the same GEN.SG.M/F/N.DEM.PRON
7 mensuræ measure GEN.SG.F.1ST DECL
8 in for PREP+ACC
9 oblationem oblation ACC.SG.F.3RD DECL
10 suavissimi most sweet GEN.SG.M.SUPER
11 odoris odor GEN.SG.M.3RD DECL
12 Domino to the LORD DAT.SG.M.2ND DECL.IOBJ

Syntax

Main Clause (Elliptical): The verb is implied from the preceding context, with vinum functioning as the understood object of offering.

Purpose Phrase: ad liba fundenda expresses purpose, indicating wine intended for drink offerings to be poured out.

Measure Phrase: eiusdem mensuræ specifies that the quantity is of the same measure as previously defined.

Result / Purpose Phrase: in oblationem suavissimi odoris describes the offering as producing a most pleasing aroma.

Indirect Object: Domino indicates the recipient of the offering.

Morphology

  1. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: coordinating conjunction; Function: connects this instruction with the previous regulation; Translation: and; Notes: Continues the sequence of sacrificial prescriptions.
  2. vinum — Lemma: vinum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter second declension; Function: direct object (implied verb); Translation: wine; Notes: Refers to the liquid component used in libations.
  3. ad — Lemma: ad; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing the accusative; Function: introduces purpose; Translation: for; Notes: Indicates intended use.
  4. liba — Lemma: libum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural neuter second declension; Function: object of ad; Translation: drink offerings; Notes: Refers to offerings poured out, typically liquid.
  5. fundenda — Lemma: fundo; Part of Speech: gerundive; Form: accusative plural neuter; Function: modifies liba; Translation: to be poured; Notes: Expresses necessity or intended action.
  6. eiusdem — Lemma: idem; Part of Speech: demonstrative pronoun; Form: genitive singular masculine/feminine/neuter; Function: modifies mensuræ; Translation: of the same; Notes: Indicates identity with a previously stated measure.
  7. mensuræ — Lemma: mensura; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular feminine first declension; Function: genitive of description; Translation: of measure; Notes: Specifies the standard quantity.
  8. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing the accusative; Function: indicates result or purpose; Translation: for; Notes: Expresses transformation into a result or purpose.
  9. oblationem — Lemma: oblatio; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine third declension; Function: object of in; Translation: oblation; Notes: Refers to an offering presented in worship.
  10. suavissimi — Lemma: suavis; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: genitive singular masculine superlative; Function: modifies odoris; Translation: most sweet; Notes: Superlative degree intensifies the pleasing nature of the odor.
  11. odoris — Lemma: odor; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular masculine third declension; Function: genitive modifying oblationem; Translation: odor; Notes: Describes the sensory result of the offering.
  12. Domino — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: dative singular masculine second declension; Function: indirect object; Translation: to the LORD; Notes: Refers to YHWH, therefore translated “LORD.”

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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