Numeri 15:25 (Numbers 15:25)

Posted on May 12, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Nm 15:25 et rogabit sacerdos pro omni multitudine filiorum Israel: et dimittetur eis, quoniam non sponte peccaverunt, nihilominus offerentes incensum Domino pro se et pro peccato atque errore suo:

then the priest shall make intercession for the whole multitude of the sons of Israel, and it shall be forgiven to them, because they did not sin willingly, nevertheless offering incense to the LORD for themselves and for their sin and their error;

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 et then CONJ
2 rogabit he shall ask 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
3 sacerdos the priest NOM.SG.M.2ND DECL
4 pro for PREP+ABL
5 omni all ABL.SG.F.ADJ
6 multitudine multitude ABL.SG.F.3RD DECL
7 filiorum of sons GEN.PL.M.2ND DECL
8 Israel Israel GEN.SG.M.INDECL
9 et and CONJ
10 dimittetur it shall be forgiven 3SG.FUT.PASS.IND
11 eis to them DAT.PL.3RD.PERS.PRON
12 quoniam because CONJ
13 non not ADV
14 sponte willingly ABL.SG.F.1ST DECL.ADV
15 peccaverunt they sinned 3PL.PERF.ACT.IND
16 nihilominus nevertheless ADV
17 offerentes offering NOM.PL.M.PRES.ACT.PTCP
18 incensum incense ACC.SG.N.2ND DECL.OBJ
19 Domino to the LORD DAT.SG.M.2ND DECL.IOBJ
20 pro for PREP+ABL
21 se themselves ABL.SG/PL.REFL.PRON
22 et and CONJ
23 pro for PREP+ABL
24 peccato sin ABL.SG.N.2ND DECL
25 atque and also CONJ
26 errore error ABL.SG.M.3RD DECL
27 suo their ABL.SG.M.POSS.PRON

Syntax

Main Clause: sacerdos rogabit forms the core, with pro omni multitudine filiorum Israel as the prepositional phrase indicating those for whom intercession is made.

Result Clause: et dimittetur eis expresses the outcome, “and it shall be forgiven to them.”

Causal Clause: quoniam non sponte peccaverunt explains the reason for forgiveness.

Participial Phrase: offerentes incensum Domino describes accompanying action.

Purpose Phrases: pro se et pro peccato atque errore suo specify for whom and for what the offering is made.

Morphology

  1. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: coordinating conjunction; Function: connects to previous clause; Translation: then; Notes: Contextually advances the sequence of actions.
  2. rogabit — Lemma: rogo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: he shall ask; Notes: In sacrificial context, implies intercession or petition.
  3. sacerdos — Lemma: sacerdos; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject; Translation: the priest; Notes: The officiant responsible for ritual mediation.
  4. pro — Lemma: pro; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing the ablative; Function: introduces beneficiary; Translation: for; Notes: Indicates representation or substitution.
  5. omni — Lemma: omnis; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: modifies multitudine; Translation: all; Notes: Emphasizes entirety of the group.
  6. multitudine — Lemma: multitudo; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: object of pro; Translation: multitude; Notes: Refers collectively to the people.
  7. filiorum — Lemma: filius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive plural masculine; Function: modifies multitudine; Translation: of the sons; Notes: Specifies the group as descendants.
  8. Israel — Lemma: Israel; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: genitive singular indeclinable; Function: modifies filiorum; Translation: Israel; Notes: Identifies the covenant people.
  9. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: coordinating conjunction; Function: links clauses; Translation: and; Notes: Connects action and result.
  10. dimittetur — Lemma: dimitto; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future passive indicative; Function: main verb of result clause; Translation: it shall be forgiven; Notes: Passive form emphasizes reception of forgiveness.
  11. eis — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: dative plural; Function: indirect object; Translation: to them; Notes: Refers to the people.
  12. quoniam — Lemma: quoniam; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: subordinating conjunction; Function: introduces cause; Translation: because; Notes: Explains reason for forgiveness.
  13. non — Lemma: non; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: indeclinable; Function: negates verb; Translation: not; Notes: Negates voluntary intent.
  14. sponte — Lemma: spons; Part of Speech: noun used adverbially; Form: ablative singular; Function: adverbial; Translation: willingly; Notes: Indicates voluntary action.
  15. peccaverunt — Lemma: pecco; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person plural perfect active indicative; Function: verb of causal clause; Translation: they sinned; Notes: Describes completed action.
  16. nihilominus — Lemma: nihilominus; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: indeclinable; Function: concessive adverb; Translation: nevertheless; Notes: Introduces contrast.
  17. offerentes — Lemma: offero; Part of Speech: participle; Form: nominative plural masculine present active; Function: modifies subject; Translation: offering; Notes: Indicates ongoing or accompanying action.
  18. incensum — Lemma: incensum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: object of offerentes; Translation: incense; Notes: Represents ritual offering.
  19. Domino — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: dative singular masculine; Function: indirect object; Translation: to the LORD; Notes: Refers to YHWH.
  20. pro — Lemma: pro; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing the ablative; Function: introduces beneficiary; Translation: for; Notes: Indicates representation.
  21. se — Lemma: sui; Part of Speech: reflexive pronoun; Form: ablative; Function: object of pro; Translation: themselves; Notes: Refers back to subject.
  22. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: coordinating conjunction; Function: links phrases; Translation: and; Notes: Adds additional elements.
  23. pro — Lemma: pro; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing the ablative; Function: introduces purpose; Translation: for; Notes: Indicates purpose or substitution.
  24. peccato — Lemma: peccatum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: object of pro; Translation: sin; Notes: Refers to offense requiring atonement.
  25. atque — Lemma: atque; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: coordinating conjunction; Function: connects closely related nouns; Translation: and also; Notes: Emphasizes addition.
  26. errore — Lemma: error; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: object of pro; Translation: error; Notes: Refers to mistake or inadvertent wrongdoing.
  27. suo — Lemma: suus; Part of Speech: possessive pronoun; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: modifies errore; Translation: their; Notes: Refers to the subject’s own error.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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