Numeri 16:30 (Numbers 16:30)

Posted on May 13, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Nm 16:30 sin autem novam rem fecerit Dominus, ut aperiens terra os suum deglutiat eos et omnia quæ ad illos pertinent, descenderintque viventes in infernum, scietis quod blasphemaverint Dominum.

but if the LORD brings about a new thing, so that the earth, opening its mouth, swallows them and all the things that belong to them, and they go down alive into the underworld, then you will know that they have blasphemed the LORD.”

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 sin but if CONJ
2 autem however CONJ
3 novam new ACC.SG.F
4 rem thing ACC.SG.F
5 fecerit will have done 3SG.FUTP.ACT.IND
6 Dominus LORD NOM.SG.M
7 ut so that CONJ
8 aperiens opening NOM.SG.F.PTCP.PRES
9 terra earth NOM.SG.F
10 os mouth ACC.SG.N
11 suum its own ACC.SG.N.POSS
12 deglutiat may swallow 3SG.PRES.ACT.SUBJ
13 eos them ACC.PL.M
14 et and CONJ
15 omnia all things ACC.PL.N
16 quæ which ACC.PL.N.REL
17 ad to PREP+ACC
18 illos them ACC.PL.M
19 pertinent belong 3PL.PRES.ACT.IND
20 descenderintque and they go down 3PL.FUTP.ACT.IND
21 viventes living ACC.PL.M.PTCP.PRES
22 in into PREP+ACC
23 infernum underworld ACC.SG.M
24 scietis you will know 2PL.FUT.ACT.IND
25 quod that CONJ
26 blasphemaverint they have blasphemed 3PL.PERF.ACT.SUBJ
27 Dominum LORD ACC.SG.M

Syntax

Conditional Clause: sin autem novam rem fecerit Dominus — introduces contrastive condition with future perfect.

Purpose/Result Clause: ut aperiens terra os suum deglutiat eos — expresses intended or resulting action.

Participial Phrase: aperiens terra — describes manner of action.

Coordinated Object Phrase: et omnia quæ ad illos pertinent — expands scope of what is swallowed.

Relative Clause: quæ ad illos pertinent — modifies omnia.

Coordinated Clause: descenderintque viventes in infernum — additional result.

Main Clause: scietis — main verb of result.

Content Clause: quod blasphemaverint Dominum — expresses what is known.

Morphology

  1. sin — Lemma: sin; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: subordinating conjunction; Function: introduces alternative condition; Translation: but if; Notes: marks contrast with prior condition.
  2. autem — Lemma: autem; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: coordinating conjunction; Function: adds contrast; Translation: however; Notes: strengthens adversative nuance.
  3. novam — Lemma: novus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: modifies rem; Translation: new; Notes: indicates unprecedented action.
  4. rem — Lemma: res; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: direct object; Translation: thing; Notes: general term for event or matter.
  5. fecerit — Lemma: facio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future perfect active indicative; Function: verb of conditional clause; Translation: will have done; Notes: indicates completed future condition.
  6. Dominus — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject; Translation: LORD; Notes: refers to YHWH.
  7. ut — Lemma: ut; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: subordinating conjunction; Function: introduces purpose/result clause; Translation: so that; Notes: governs subjunctive.
  8. aperiens — Lemma: aperio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: nominative singular feminine present active participle; Function: modifies terra; Translation: opening; Notes: expresses concurrent action.
  9. terra — Lemma: terra; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular feminine; Function: subject; Translation: earth; Notes: personified as acting agent.
  10. os — Lemma: os; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: direct object; Translation: mouth; Notes: metaphorical expression.
  11. suum — Lemma: suus; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: modifies os; Translation: its own; Notes: reflexive possessive.
  12. deglutiat — Lemma: deglutio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular present active subjunctive; Function: verb of purpose/result clause; Translation: may swallow; Notes: expresses potential or intended result.
  13. eos — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: direct object; Translation: them; Notes: refers to those judged.
  14. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: coordinating conjunction; Function: links objects; Translation: and; Notes: additive connection.
  15. omnia — Lemma: omnis; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative plural neuter; Function: direct object; Translation: all things; Notes: total inclusion.
  16. quæ — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: accusative plural neuter relative; Function: introduces relative clause; Translation: which; Notes: refers to omnia.
  17. ad — Lemma: ad; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: expresses relation; Translation: to; Notes: indicates belonging or relation.
  18. illos — Lemma: ille; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: object of preposition; Translation: them; Notes: refers to judged group.
  19. pertinent — Lemma: pertineo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person plural present active indicative; Function: verb of relative clause; Translation: belong; Notes: denotes relation or ownership.
  20. descenderintque — Lemma: descendo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person plural future perfect active indicative with enclitic -que; Function: coordinated verb; Translation: and they will go down; Notes: enclitic links clause to previous action.
  21. viventes — Lemma: vivo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: accusative plural masculine present active participle; Function: modifies eos (understood); Translation: living; Notes: emphasizes state during descent.
  22. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: direction; Translation: into; Notes: indicates movement.
  23. infernum — Lemma: infernus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: object of preposition; Translation: underworld; Notes: denotes realm of the dead.
  24. scietis — Lemma: scio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: second person plural future active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: you will know; Notes: indicates future realization.
  25. quod — Lemma: quod; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: subordinating conjunction; Function: introduces content clause; Translation: that; Notes: marks object clause.
  26. blasphemaverint — Lemma: blasphemo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person plural perfect active subjunctive; Function: verb of content clause; Translation: they have blasphemed; Notes: expresses completed offense.
  27. Dominum — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: direct object; Translation: LORD; Notes: refers to YHWH.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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