Numeri 20:25 (Numbers 20:25)

Posted on May 17, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Nm 20:25 Tolle Aaron et filium eius cum eo, et duces eos in montem Hor.

Take Aaron and his son with him, and you shall lead them onto mount Hor.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Tolle take 2SG.PRES.ACT.IMP.MOOD
2 Aaron Aaron ACC.SG.M
3 et and CONJ
4 filium son ACC.SG.M
5 eius his GEN.SG.M
6 cum with PREP+ABL
7 eo him ABL.SG.M
8 et and CONJ
9 duces you shall lead 2SG.FUT.ACT.IND
10 eos them ACC.PL.M
11 in onto PREP+ACC
12 montem mount ACC.SG.M
13 Hor Hor INDECL

Syntax

Imperative Clause: Tolle Aaron et filium eius cum eo gives the divine command to gather Aaron together with his son.

Objects: Aaron et filium eius function as the direct objects of Tolle.

Phrase: cum eo functions as an accompaniment phrase, associating the son with Aaron.

Main Clause: et duces eos in montem Hor commands the movement of Aaron and his son toward the mountain.

Object: eos functions as the direct object of duces.

Directional Phrase: in montem Hor expresses movement upward onto the mountain.

Morphology

  1. Tolle — Lemma: tollo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: second person singular present active imperative; Function: main imperative verb; Translation: “take”; Notes: expresses direct divine command to Moyses.
  2. Aaron — Lemma: Aaron; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: direct object of Tolle; Translation: “Aaron”; Notes: refers to the high priest of Israel.
  3. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: coordinating conjunction; Translation: “and”; Notes: joins the two direct objects.
  4. filium — Lemma: filius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: second direct object of Tolle; Translation: “son”; Notes: refers to Aaron’s son who will receive the priesthood.
  5. eius — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: possessive genitive modifying filium; Translation: “his”; Notes: refers back to Aaron.
  6. cum — Lemma: cum; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing ablative; Function: introduces accompaniment phrase; Translation: “with”; Notes: expresses association or accompaniment.
  7. eo — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: object of cum; Translation: “him”; Notes: refers to Aaron.
  8. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: coordinating conjunction; Translation: “and”; Notes: links the two commands.
  9. duces — Lemma: duco; Part of Speech: verb; Form: second person singular future active indicative; Function: main verb of command sequence; Translation: “you shall lead”; Notes: the future indicative functions imperativally in legal or divine instruction.
  10. eos — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: direct object of duces; Translation: “them”; Notes: refers collectively to Aaron and his son.
  11. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing accusative; Function: introduces directional phrase; Translation: “onto”; Notes: with the accusative it expresses movement toward or onto a place.
  12. montem — Lemma: mons; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: object of in; Translation: “mount”; Notes: refers to the mountain destination.
  13. Hor — Lemma: Hor; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: indeclinable; Function: apposition to montem; Translation: “Hor”; Notes: identifies the mountain where Aaron will die.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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