Numeri 28:29 (Numbers 28:29)

Posted on May 25, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Nm 28:29 per agnos decimam decimæ, qui simul sunt agni septem. hircum quoque

for the lambs, a tenth of a tenth, which together are seven lambs. Also a he-goat

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 per for PREP+ACC
2 agnos lambs ACC.PL.M
3 decimam tenth ACC.SG.F
4 decimæ of-a-tenth GEN.SG.F
5 qui which REL.NOM.PL.M
6 simul together ADV
7 sunt are 3PL.PRES.ACT.IND
8 agni lambs NOM.PL.M
9 septem seven INDECL
10 hircum he-goat ACC.SG.M
11 quoque also ADV

Syntax

Measure Expression: per agnos decimam decimæ — specifies the grain-offering quantity assigned to the lambs, namely a tenth of a tenth for each lamb.

Relative Clause: qui simul sunt agni septem — modifies agnos, explaining that the lambs together number seven.

Predicate Construction: agni septem serves as the predicate complement of sunt.

Continuation: hircum quoque begins the next sacrificial prescription, introducing an additional he-goat offering.

Morphology

  1. per — Lemma: per; Part of Speech: Preposition; Form: Governing the accusative; Function: Expresses distribution; Translation: “for”; Notes: Indicates the quantity assigned to each sacrificial animal.
  2. agnos — Lemma: agnus; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Accusative plural masculine, 2nd Declension; Function: Object of per; Translation: “lambs”; Notes: Refers to the sacrificial lambs listed previously.
  3. decimam — Lemma: decimus; Part of Speech: Adjective used substantively; Form: Accusative singular feminine; Function: Measure expression; Translation: “a tenth”; Notes: Refers to a tenth portion in the grain offering.
  4. decimæ — Lemma: decimus; Part of Speech: Adjective used substantively; Form: Genitive singular feminine; Function: Dependent genitive; Translation: “of a tenth”; Notes: Forms the expression “a tenth of a tenth.”
  5. qui — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun; Form: Nominative plural masculine; Function: Subject of the relative clause; Translation: “which”; Notes: Refers back to the lambs.
  6. simul — Lemma: simul; Part of Speech: Adverb; Form: Indeclinable; Function: Modifies sunt; Translation: “together”; Notes: Emphasizes the total number when considered collectively.
  7. sunt — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: Verb; Form: Present active indicative, 3rd person plural; Function: Main verb of the relative clause; Translation: “are”; Notes: Links the subject to its numerical description.
  8. agni — Lemma: agnus; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Nominative plural masculine, 2nd Declension; Function: Predicate nominative; Translation: “lambs”; Notes: Restates the identity of the group.
  9. septem — Lemma: septem; Part of Speech: Numeral; Form: Indeclinable cardinal numeral; Function: Modifies agni; Translation: “seven”; Notes: Specifies the total number of lambs.
  10. hircum — Lemma: hircus; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Accusative singular masculine, 2nd Declension; Function: Direct object of an implied sacrificial verb; Translation: “he-goat”; Notes: Introduces the next prescribed offering.
  11. quoque — Lemma: quoque; Part of Speech: Adverb; Form: Indeclinable; Function: Adds emphasis or inclusion; Translation: “also”; Notes: Indicates that this offering is in addition to those already listed.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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