Numeri 29:21 (Numbers 29:21)

Posted on May 26, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Nm 29:21 sacrificiaque et libamina singulorum per vitulos et arietes et agnos rite celebrabitis:

and you shall duly perform the grain offerings and the drink offerings for each of the bulls and rams and lambs;

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 sacrificiaque and grain offerings ACC.PL.N
2 et and CONJ
3 libamina drink offerings ACC.PL.N
4 singulorum of each GEN.PL.M
5 per for each PREP+ACC
6 vitulos bulls ACC.PL.M
7 et and CONJ
8 arietes rams ACC.PL.M
9 et and CONJ
10 agnos lambs ACC.PL.M
11 rite duly ADV
12 celebrabitis you shall perform 2PL.FUT.ACT.IND

Syntax

Main Clause: celebrabitis is the principal verb with an implied second-person plural subject.

Direct Objects: sacrificiaque et libamina are the coordinated direct objects of celebrabitis.

Genitive Modifier: singulorum qualifies the offerings, indicating that they belong to or are assigned for each individual sacrificial animal.

Distributive Phrase: per vitulos et arietes et agnos distributes the prescribed grain offerings and drink offerings among the bulls, rams, and lambs.

Adverbial Modifier: rite modifies celebrabitis, indicating that the rites must be carried out according to the prescribed ceremonial regulations.

Morphology

  1. sacrificiaque — Lemma: sacrificium; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Accusative Plural Neuter with enclitic conjunction -que; Function: Direct object of celebrabitis; Translation: “and grain offerings”; Notes: The enclitic -que joins this noun closely to the preceding sacrificial regulations. Here sacrificia refers to the accompanying cereal offerings.
  2. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: Conjunction; Form: Indeclinable; Function: Connects coordinated direct objects; Translation: “and”; Notes: Links the grain offerings with the drink offerings.
  3. libamina — Lemma: libamen; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Accusative Plural Neuter; Function: Direct object of celebrabitis; Translation: “drink offerings”; Notes: Refers to the liquid offerings poured out in conjunction with the animal sacrifices.
  4. singulorum — Lemma: singulus; Part of Speech: Adjective; Form: Genitive Plural Masculine; Function: Genitive modifier; Translation: “of each”; Notes: Indicates individual allocation, stressing that each sacrificial animal receives its prescribed accompanying offerings.
  5. per — Lemma: per; Part of Speech: Preposition; Form: Governing the Accusative; Function: Introduces distributive phrase; Translation: “for each”; Notes: Expresses distribution according to the number of sacrificial animals.
  6. vitulos — Lemma: vitulus; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Accusative Plural Masculine; Function: Object of per; Translation: “bulls”; Notes: Refers to the sacrificial young bulls offered during the feast.
  7. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: Conjunction; Form: Indeclinable; Function: Connects coordinated nouns; Translation: “and”; Notes: Links the bulls and the rams.
  8. arietes — Lemma: aries; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Accusative Plural Masculine; Function: Object of per; Translation: “rams”; Notes: Refers to the sacrificial rams included in the offering.
  9. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: Conjunction; Form: Indeclinable; Function: Connects coordinated nouns; Translation: “and”; Notes: Links the rams and the lambs.
  10. agnos — Lemma: agnus; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Accusative Plural Masculine; Function: Object of per; Translation: “lambs”; Notes: Refers to the sacrificial lambs receiving their prescribed accompanying offerings.
  11. rite — Lemma: rite; Part of Speech: Adverb; Form: Indeclinable; Function: Modifies celebrabitis; Translation: “duly”; Notes: Emphasizes conformity to the ritual requirements established by the law.
  12. celebrabitis — Lemma: celebro; Part of Speech: Verb; Form: Second Person Plural Future Active Indicative; Function: Main verb; Translation: “you shall perform”; Notes: Commands the proper execution of the prescribed sacrificial rites and their accompanying offerings.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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