Numeri 29:39 (Numbers 29:39)

Posted on May 26, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Nm 29:39 Hæc offeretis Domino in sollemnitatibus vestris: præter vota et oblationes spontaneas in holocausto, in sacrificio, in libamine, et in hostiis pacificis.

These things you shall offer to the LORD at your solemn festivals, besides your vows and voluntary offerings, whether as holocaust, grain offering, libation, or peace offerings.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Hæc these things ACC.PL.N.DEM
2 offeretis you shall offer 2PL.FUT.ACT.IND
3 Domino to the LORD DAT.SG.M
4 in at PREP+ABL
5 sollemnitatibus festivals ABL.PL.F
6 vestris your ABL.PL.F.POSS
7 præter besides PREP+ACC
8 vota vows ACC.PL.N
9 et and CONJ
10 oblationes offerings ACC.PL.F
11 spontaneas voluntary ACC.PL.F
12 in as PREP+ABL
13 holocausto burnt offering ABL.SG.N
14 in as PREP+ABL
15 sacrificio grain offering ABL.SG.N
16 in as PREP+ABL
17 libamine drink offering ABL.SG.N
18 et and CONJ
19 in as PREP+ABL
20 hostiis offerings ABL.PL.F
21 pacificis peace ABL.PL.F

Syntax

Main Clause: Hæc offeretis Domino forms the principal statement, with Hæc as the direct object and Domino as the dative recipient.

Temporal-Circumstantial Phrase: in sollemnitatibus vestris specifies the occasions on which these offerings are to be presented.

Exception Phrase: præter vota et oblationes spontaneas excludes vowed offerings and freewill offerings from the list just prescribed, indicating that they are additional sacrifices.

Specification Phrases: in holocausto, in sacrificio, in libamine, and in hostiis pacificis specify the forms in which such vowed and voluntary offerings may be presented.

Morphology

  1. Hæc — Lemma: hic; Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun; Form: Accusative Plural Neuter; Function: Direct object of offeretis; Translation: “these things”; Notes: Refers collectively to all the prescribed festival offerings.
  2. offeretis — Lemma: offero; Part of Speech: Verb; Form: Second Person Plural Future Active Indicative; Function: Main verb; Translation: “you shall offer”; Notes: Expresses a future command directed to the worshipping community.
  3. Domino — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Dative Singular Masculine; Function: Dative recipient; Translation: “to the LORD”; Notes: Refers to YHWH as the recipient of the sacrifices.
  4. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: Preposition; Form: Governing the Ablative; Function: Introduces circumstantial phrase; Translation: “at”; Notes: Marks the setting in which the offerings occur.
  5. sollemnitatibus — Lemma: sollemnitas; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Ablative Plural Feminine; Function: Object of in; Translation: “festivals”; Notes: Refers to the appointed sacred celebrations.
  6. vestris — Lemma: vester; Part of Speech: Possessive Adjective; Form: Ablative Plural Feminine; Function: Modifies sollemnitatibus; Translation: “your”; Notes: Identifies the festivals as belonging to the covenant community.
  7. præter — Lemma: præter; Part of Speech: Preposition; Form: Governing the Accusative; Function: Introduces exception phrase; Translation: “besides”; Notes: Indicates additional offerings beyond those already prescribed.
  8. vota — Lemma: votum; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Accusative Plural Neuter; Function: Object of præter; Translation: “vows”; Notes: Refers to offerings promised in fulfillment of a vow.
  9. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: Conjunction; Form: Indeclinable; Function: Connects coordinated nouns; Translation: “and”; Notes: Links vowed offerings and freewill offerings.
  10. oblationes — Lemma: oblatio; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Accusative Plural Feminine; Function: Object of præter; Translation: “offerings”; Notes: Refers to gifts presented before the LORD.
  11. spontaneas — Lemma: spontaneus; Part of Speech: Adjective; Form: Accusative Plural Feminine; Function: Modifies oblationes; Translation: “voluntary”; Notes: Indicates offerings freely given rather than required.
  12. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: Preposition; Form: Governing the Ablative; Function: Introduces specification phrase; Translation: “as”; Notes: Identifies the category of offering.
  13. holocausto — Lemma: holocaustum; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Ablative Singular Neuter; Function: Object of in; Translation: “burnt offering”; Notes: Refers to a sacrifice wholly consumed upon the altar.
  14. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: Preposition; Form: Governing the Ablative; Function: Introduces specification phrase; Translation: “as”; Notes: Continues the list of sacrificial categories.
  15. sacrificio — Lemma: sacrificium; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Ablative Singular Neuter; Function: Object of in; Translation: “grain offering”; Notes: Refers here to the cereal offering accompanying worship.
  16. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: Preposition; Form: Governing the Ablative; Function: Introduces specification phrase; Translation: “as”; Notes: Continues the list of sacrificial categories.
  17. libamine — Lemma: libamen; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Ablative Singular Neuter; Function: Object of in; Translation: “libation”; Notes: Refers to the liquid offering poured out before the LORD.
  18. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: Conjunction; Form: Indeclinable; Function: Connects coordinated specification phrases; Translation: “and”; Notes: Introduces the final category of sacrifice.
  19. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: Preposition; Form: Governing the Ablative; Function: Introduces specification phrase; Translation: “as”; Notes: Marks another sacrificial category.
  20. hostiis — Lemma: hostia; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Ablative Plural Feminine; Function: Object of in; Translation: “offerings”; Notes: Refers to sacrificial victims presented before the LORD.
  21. pacificis — Lemma: pacificus; Part of Speech: Adjective; Form: Ablative Plural Feminine; Function: Modifies hostiis; Translation: “peace”; Notes: Identifies the sacrifices as peace offerings associated with fellowship and thanksgiving.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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