Numeri 30:1 (Numbers 30:1)

Posted on May 27, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Nm 30:1 Narravitque Moyses filiis Israel omnia quæ ei Dominus imperarat:

And Moyses told the sons of Israel all the things that the LORD had commanded him.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Narravitque and told 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
2 Moyses Moses NOM.SG.M
3 filiis to the sons of DAT.PL.M
4 Israel Israel INDECL
5 omnia all things ACC.PL.N
6 quæ which ACC.PL.N.REL
7 ei to him DAT.SG.PERS
8 Dominus the LORD NOM.SG.M
9 imperarat had commanded 3SG.PLUP.ACT.IND

Syntax

Main Clause: Moyses is the subject, and Narravitque is the main verb.

Indirect Object: filiis Israel identifies the recipients of Moyses’ message.

Direct Object: omnia is the direct object of Narravitque.

Relative Clause: quæ ei Dominus imperarat modifies omnia. Dominus is the subject, imperarat is the verb, quæ is the direct object, and ei is the indirect object.

Morphology

  1. Narravitque — Lemma: narro; Part of Speech: Verb; Form: Third person singular, perfect active indicative, first conjugation, with enclitic -que; Function: Main verb; Translation: “and told”; Notes: The enclitic -que links this statement with the preceding narrative.
  2. Moyses — Lemma: Moyses; Part of Speech: Proper noun; Form: Nominative singular masculine; Function: Subject; Translation: “Moyses”; Notes: The speaker reporting the LORD’s commands.
  3. filiis — Lemma: filius; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Dative plural masculine, second declension; Function: Indirect object; Translation: “to the sons of”; Notes: Indicates those who received the report.
  4. Israel — Lemma: Israel; Part of Speech: Proper noun; Form: Indeclinable; Function: Dependent proper name qualifying filiis; Translation: “Israel”; Notes: Specifies the covenant people.
  5. omnia — Lemma: omnis; Part of Speech: Adjective used substantively; Form: Accusative plural neuter; Function: Direct object; Translation: ”all things”; Notes: Refers comprehensively to every command.
  6. quæ — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: Relative pronoun; Form: Accusative plural neuter; Function: Direct object of imperarat; Translation: “which”; Notes: Refers back to omnia.
  7. ei — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: Personal pronoun; Form: Dative singular; Function: Indirect object of imperarat; Translation: “to him”; Notes: Refers to Moyses.
  8. Dominus — Lemma: dominus; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Nominative singular masculine, second declension; Function: Subject of imperarat; Translation: the LORD; Notes: Refers to YHWH.
  9. imperarat — Lemma: impero; Part of Speech: Verb; Form: Third person singular, pluperfect active indicative, first conjugation; Function: Verb of the relative clause; Translation: “had commanded”; Notes: The pluperfect marks an action completed before Moyses spoke.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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