Numeri 29:9 (Numbers 29:9)

Posted on May 26, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Nm 29:9 et in sacrificiis eorum similæ oleo conspersæ tres decimas per singulos vitulos, duas decimas per arietem,

and in their grain offerings, three tenths of fine flour mixed with oil for each bull, and two tenths for each ram.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 et and CONJ
2 in in PREP+ABL
3 sacrificiis grain offerings ABL.PL.N
4 eorum their GEN.PL.POSS
5 similæ of fine flour GEN.SG.F
6 oleo with oil ABL.SG.N
7 conspersæ mixed GEN.SG.F.PTCP
8 tres three ACC.PL.F
9 decimas tenths ACC.PL.F
10 per for each PREP+ACC
11 singulos each ACC.PL.M
12 vitulos bulls ACC.PL.M
13 duas two ACC.PL.F
14 decimas tenths ACC.PL.F
15 per for PREP+ACC
16 arietem ram ACC.SG.M

Syntax

Elliptical Construction: The verse continues the sacrificial regulations from the previous verse, with the principal verb understood from context.

Prepositional Phrase: in sacrificiis eorum specifies the accompanying grain offerings associated with the sacrificial animals.

Genitive Description: similæ oleo conspersæ describes the material being measured, namely fine flour mixed with oil.

Distributive Expressions: tres decimas per singulos vitulos assigns three tenths to each bull, while duas decimas per arietem assigns two tenths to each ram.

Morphology

  1. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: Conjunction; Form: Indeclinable; Function: Connects this regulation to the preceding instruction; Translation: “and”; Notes: Continues the sacrificial prescription.
  2. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: Preposition; Form: Governing the Ablative; Function: Introduces a contextual phrase; Translation: “in”; Notes: Refers to the sphere of the grain offerings.
  3. sacrificiis — Lemma: sacrificium; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Ablative Plural Neuter; Function: Object of in; Translation: “grain offerings”; Notes: Refers to the cereal offerings accompanying the animals.
  4. eorum — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: Possessive Pronoun; Form: Genitive Plural; Function: Possessive modifier of sacrificiis; Translation: “their”; Notes: Refers to the sacrificial animals previously mentioned.
  5. similæ — Lemma: simila; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Genitive Singular Feminine; Function: Genitive of material; Translation: “of fine flour”; Notes: Specifies the substance used in the grain offering.
  6. oleo — Lemma: oleum; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Ablative Singular Neuter; Function: Ablative of means; Translation: “with oil”; Notes: Indicates the ingredient mixed into the flour.
  7. conspersæ — Lemma: conspergo; Part of Speech: Participle; Form: Perfect Passive Participle, Genitive Singular Feminine; Function: Modifies similæ; Translation: “mixed”; Notes: Describes flour that has been mingled with oil.
  8. tres — Lemma: tres; Part of Speech: Numeral; Form: Accusative Plural Feminine; Function: Modifies decimas; Translation: “three”; Notes: Specifies the quantity required.
  9. decimas — Lemma: decima; Part of Speech: Numeral Substantive; Form: Accusative Plural Feminine; Function: Measured quantity; Translation: “tenths”; Notes: Refers to tenths of an ephah in the grain offering.
  10. per — Lemma: per; Part of Speech: Preposition; Form: Governing the Accusative; Function: Introduces a distributive phrase; Translation: “for each”; Notes: Indicates allocation according to individual animals.
  11. singulos — Lemma: singulus; Part of Speech: Adjective; Form: Accusative Plural Masculine; Function: Modifies vitulos; Translation: “each”; Notes: Emphasizes individual distribution.
  12. vitulos — Lemma: vitulus; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Accusative Plural Masculine; Function: Object of per; Translation: “bulls”; Notes: Refers to the sacrificial bulls receiving this measure.
  13. duas — Lemma: duo; Part of Speech: Numeral; Form: Accusative Plural Feminine; Function: Modifies decimas; Translation: “two”; Notes: Specifies the quantity required for the ram.
  14. decimas — Lemma: decima; Part of Speech: Numeral Substantive; Form: Accusative Plural Feminine; Function: Measured quantity; Translation: “tenths”; Notes: Indicates the grain-offering measure assigned to the ram.
  15. per — Lemma: per; Part of Speech: Preposition; Form: Governing the Accusative; Function: Introduces a distributive phrase; Translation: “for”; Notes: Marks allocation according to sacrificial animal.
  16. arietem — Lemma: aries; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Accusative Singular Masculine; Function: Object of per; Translation: “ram”; Notes: Refers to the ram specified in the burnt offering.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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