Numeri 33:1 (Numbers 33:1)

Posted on May 30, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Nm 33:1 Hæ sunt mansiones filiorum Israel, qui egressi sunt de Ægypto per turmas suas in manu Moysi et Aaron,

These are the stations of the sons of Israel, who went out from Egypt by their companies under the hand of Moyses and Aaron,

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Hæ these NOM.PL.F.DEM
2 sunt are 3PL.PRES.ACT.IND
3 mansiones stations NOM.PL.F.PRED
4 filiorum of the sons GEN.PL.M
5 Israel of Israel INDECL
6 qui who NOM.PL.M.REL
7 egressi having gone out NOM.PL.M.PERF.DEP.PTCP
8 sunt they went out 3PL.PRES.ACT.IND
9 de from PREP+ABL
10 Ægypto Egypt ABL.SG.F
11 per by PREP+ACC
12 turmas companies ACC.PL.F
13 suas their ACC.PL.F.POSS
14 in under PREP+ABL
15 manu the hand ABL.SG.F
16 Moysi of Moses GEN.SG.M
17 et and CONJ.INVAR
18 Aaron Aaron GEN.SG.M.INDECL

Syntax

Main Clause: Hæ sunt mansiones filiorum Israel introduces the itinerary that follows. Hæ is the subject, sunt is the copular verb, and mansiones is the predicate nominative. The genitive phrase filiorum Israel identifies whose stations or encampments are being listed.

Relative Clause: qui egressi sunt de Ægypto modifies filiorum Israel. qui refers to the sons of Israel and is the subject of the perfect deponent verb egressi sunt.

Prepositional Phrase: de Ægypto modifies egressi sunt and expresses the place from which the sons of Israel departed.

Distributive Phrase: per turmas suas describes the organized manner of their departure, indicating that they went out according to their companies or divisions.

Prepositional Phrase: in manu Moysi et Aaron literally means “in the hand of Moyses and Aaron” and expresses agency, leadership, or direction under which the departure took place.

Morphology

  1. Hæ — Lemma: hic; Part of Speech: Demonstrative pronoun; Form: Nominative plural feminine; Function: Subject of sunt; Translation: “these”; Notes: It refers forward to the stations or encampments that are about to be enumerated.
  2. sunt — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: Verb; Form: Third person plural, present active indicative, irregular; Function: Copular verb linking Hæ with mansiones; Translation: “are”; Notes: It introduces the identification of the following itinerary as the stations of Israel.
  3. mansiones — Lemma: mansio; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Nominative plural feminine, third declension; Function: Predicate nominative with sunt; Translation: “stations”; Notes: The noun denotes stopping places, encampments, or stages along a journey.
  4. filiorum — Lemma: filius; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Genitive plural masculine, second declension; Function: Genitive dependent on mansiones; Translation: “of the sons”; Notes: It identifies the people whose stations are being listed.
  5. Israel — Lemma: Israel; Part of Speech: Proper noun; Form: Indeclinable; Function: Genitival specification of filiorum; Translation: “of Israel”; Notes: It identifies the sons as belonging to Israel and completes the expression filiorum Israel.
  6. qui — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: Relative pronoun; Form: Nominative plural masculine; Function: Subject of egressi sunt, referring back to filiorum Israel; Translation: “who”; Notes: Its masculine plural form agrees with the sons of Israel, while its nominative case comes from its role as subject of the relative clause.
  7. egressi — Lemma: egredior; Part of Speech: Perfect participle of a deponent verb; Form: Nominative plural masculine, perfect deponent participle, third conjugation; Function: Forms the perfect deponent tense with sunt; Translation: “having gone out”; Notes: Although passive in form, it has active meaning because egredior is deponent.
  8. sunt — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: Verb; Form: Third person plural, present active indicative, irregular; Function: Auxiliary completing egressi sunt; Translation: “they went out”; Notes: Together with egressi, it forms the perfect deponent expression meaning “they went out” or “they departed.”
  9. de — Lemma: de; Part of Speech: Preposition; Form: Invariable preposition governing the ablative; Function: Introduces de Ægypto; Translation: “from”; Notes: It expresses movement away from the place of departure.
  10. Ægypto — Lemma: Ægyptus; Part of Speech: Proper noun; Form: Ablative singular feminine, second declension; Function: Object of the preposition de; Translation: “Egypt”; Notes: It identifies Egypt as the land from which the sons of Israel departed.
  11. per — Lemma: per; Part of Speech: Preposition; Form: Invariable preposition governing the accusative; Function: Introduces per turmas suas; Translation: “by”; Notes: In this context it describes distribution or organization according to companies or divisions.
  12. turmas — Lemma: turma; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Accusative plural feminine, first declension; Function: Object of the preposition per; Translation: “companies”; Notes: It denotes organized groups or divisions in which the Israelites departed.
  13. suas — Lemma: suus; Part of Speech: Possessive adjective; Form: Accusative plural feminine, positive degree; Function: Modifier of turmas; Translation: “their”; Notes: The reflexive possessive refers back to the sons of Israel and identifies the companies as their own divisions.
  14. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: Preposition; Form: Invariable preposition governing the ablative; Function: Introduces in manu Moysi et Aaron; Translation: “under”; Notes: The phrase is idiomatic and expresses leadership or agency rather than simple physical location.
  15. manu — Lemma: manus; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Ablative singular feminine, fourth declension; Function: Object of the preposition in; Translation: “the hand”; Notes: In the expression in manu, “hand” functions metaphorically for direction, agency, or leadership.
  16. Moysi — Lemma: Moyses; Part of Speech: Proper noun; Form: Genitive singular masculine; Function: Genitive dependent on manu; Translation: “of Moyses”; Notes: It identifies Moyses as one of the leaders under whose direction Israel departed from Egypt.
  17. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: Conjunction; Form: Invariable coordinating conjunction; Function: Connects Moysi and Aaron; Translation: “and”; Notes: It joins the two leaders named as directing Israel’s departure.
  18. Aaron — Lemma: Aaron; Part of Speech: Proper noun; Form: Genitive singular masculine, indeclinable; Function: Second genitive dependent on manu; Translation: “Aaron”; Notes: The indeclinable name functions genitivally alongside Moysi, identifying Aaron as the second leader under whose direction Israel departed.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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