Numeri 32:42 (Numbers 32:42)

Posted on May 29, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Nm 32:42 Nobe quoque perrexit, et apprehendit Chanath cum viculis suis: vocavitque eam ex nomine suo Nobe.

Nobe also went, and seized Chanath with its villages: and he called it Nobe after his own name.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Nobe Nobah NOM.SG.M
2 quoque also ADV.INVAR
3 perrexit went 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
4 et and CONJ.INVAR
5 apprehendit seized 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
6 Chanath Kenath INDECL.OBJ
7 cum with PREP+ABL
8 viculis villages ABL.PL.M
9 suis its ABL.PL.M.POSS
10 vocavitque and he called 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
11 eam it ACC.SG.F.DEM.OBJ
12 ex after PREP+ABL
13 nomine name ABL.SG.N
14 suo his own ABL.SG.N.POSS
15 Nobe Nobah INDECL.PRED

Syntax

Main Clause: Nobe quoque perrexit continues the preceding account of territorial acquisition. Nobe is the subject, perrexit is the first main verb, and quoque adds Nobe to the persons previously described as acquiring settlements.

Coordinated Clause: et apprehendit Chanath has the same understood subject, Nobe. apprehendit is the verb and Chanath is its direct object, expressing Nobe’s seizure of the settlement.

Prepositional Phrase: cum viculis suis modifies apprehendit and indicates that Chanath was seized together with its dependent villages. cum governs the ablative viculis, while suis agrees with viculis.

Naming Clause: vocavitque eam ex nomine suo Nobe describes Nobe’s renaming of Chanath. eam is the direct object of vocavitque and refers to Chanath, while the final Nobe is the name assigned to it.

Prepositional Phrase: ex nomine suo literally expresses naming the settlement from or after his own name. nomine is governed by ex, and suo reflexively refers to Nobe.

Morphology

  1. Nobe — Lemma: Nobe; Part of Speech: Proper noun; Form: Nominative singular masculine; Function: Subject of perrexit, apprehendit, and vocavitque; Translation: “Nobe”; Notes: The personal name introduces another individual whose territorial acquisition parallels the preceding action of Iair.
  2. quoque — Lemma: quoque; Part of Speech: Adverb; Form: Invariable additive particle; Function: Adds Nobe to the preceding sequence of persons acquiring territory; Translation: “also”; Notes: The postpositive particle links Nobe’s expedition closely with the preceding narrative about Iair.
  3. perrexit — Lemma: pergo; Part of Speech: Verb; Form: Third person singular, perfect active indicative, third conjugation; Function: First main verb of the sentence; Translation: “went”; Notes: It describes Nobe setting out or advancing before his seizure of Chanath.
  4. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: Conjunction; Form: Invariable coordinating conjunction; Function: Connects perrexit with apprehendit; Translation: “and”; Notes: It links Nobe’s advance directly with his capture of Chanath.
  5. apprehendit — Lemma: apprehendo; Part of Speech: Verb; Form: Third person singular, perfect active indicative, third conjugation; Function: Second main verb with Nobe as subject; Translation: “seized”; Notes: In this territorial context the verb denotes taking possession or control of the settlement.
  6. Chanath — Lemma: Chanath; Part of Speech: Proper noun; Form: Indeclinable, functioning as accusative; Function: Direct object of apprehendit; Translation: “Chanath”; Notes: It identifies the principal settlement captured by Nobe and subsequently renamed after him.
  7. cum — Lemma: cum; Part of Speech: Preposition; Form: Invariable preposition governing the ablative; Function: Introduces the accompanying phrase cum viculis suis; Translation: “with”; Notes: It indicates that the surrounding villages were acquired together with Chanath.
  8. viculis — Lemma: viculus; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Ablative plural masculine, second declension; Function: Object of the preposition cum; Translation: “villages”; Notes: The diminutive of vicus denotes smaller villages or dependent settlements associated with Chanath.
  9. suis — Lemma: suus; Part of Speech: Possessive adjective; Form: Ablative plural masculine, positive degree; Function: Modifier of viculis; Translation: “its”; Notes: In context the possessive associates the villages with Chanath, yielding the natural sense “with its villages.”
  10. vocavitque — Lemma: voco; Part of Speech: Verb with enclitic conjunction; Form: Third person singular, perfect active indicative, first conjugation, with enclitic -que; Function: Main verb introducing the naming of the captured settlement; Translation: “and he called”; Notes: The enclitic -que coordinates the naming action with the preceding seizure while vocavit describes the assignment of a new name.
  11. eam — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: Demonstrative pronoun; Form: Accusative singular feminine; Function: Direct object of vocavitque; Translation: “it”; Notes: The feminine singular pronoun refers back to the settlement Chanath.
  12. ex — Lemma: ex; Part of Speech: Preposition; Form: Invariable preposition governing the ablative; Function: Introduces ex nomine suo; Translation: “after”; Notes: With nomine in this naming context, it expresses the source from which the new designation was taken.
  13. nomine — Lemma: nomen; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Ablative singular neuter, third declension; Function: Object of the preposition ex; Translation: “name”; Notes: It identifies Nobe’s own personal name as the source of the settlement’s new designation.
  14. suo — Lemma: suus; Part of Speech: Possessive adjective; Form: Ablative singular neuter, positive degree; Function: Modifier of nomine; Translation: “his own”; Notes: The reflexive possessive refers to the subject Nobe and emphasizes that the settlement received his own name.
  15. Nobe — Lemma: Nobe; Part of Speech: Proper noun; Form: Indeclinable, functioning predicatively; Function: Predicative name complement of vocavitque; Translation: “Nobe”; Notes: This second occurrence is the new name assigned to Chanath, derived from the personal name of its conqueror.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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