Exodus 10:17

Posted on March 1, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 10:17 Sed nunc dimittite peccatum mihi etiam hac vice, et rogate Dominum Deum vestrum, ut auferat a me mortem istam.

But now forgive the sin for me also this time, and pray to the LORD your God, that He may take away from me this death.”

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Sed but CONJ
2 nunc now ADV
3 dimittite forgive 2PL.PRES.ACT.IMP
4 peccatum sin ACC.SG.N
5 mihi to me DAT.SG
6 etiam also ADV
7 hac this ABL.SG.F
8 vice time ABL.SG.F
9 et and CONJ
10 rogate pray 2PL.PRES.ACT.IMP
11 Dominum LORD ACC.SG.M
12 Deum God ACC.SG.M
13 vestrum your ACC.SG.M
14 ut that CONJ
15 auferat may take away 3SG.PRES.ACT.SUBJ
16 a from PREP+ABL
17 me me ABL.SG
18 mortem death ACC.SG.F
19 istam this ACC.SG.F

Syntax

Main Imperative Clause:
Verb: dimittite
Object: peccatum
Indirect Object: mihi
Modifiers: nunc, etiam hac vice

Coordinated Imperative:
et rogate Dominum Deum vestrum — second command

Purpose Clause:
Introduced by ut
Verb: auferat (subjunctive)
Object: mortem istam
Prepositional Phrase: a me

Morphology

  1. Sed — Lemma: sed; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: coordinating; Function: introduces contrast; Translation: “but”; Notes: standard adversative.
  2. nunc — Lemma: nunc; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: adverb; Function: temporal marker; Translation: “now”; Notes: immediate urgency.
  3. dimittite — Lemma: dimitto; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present active imperative second plural; Function: main command; Translation: “forgive”; Notes: addressed to Moses and Aaron.
  4. peccatum — Lemma: peccatum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: direct object; Translation: “sin”; Notes: object of forgiveness.
  5. mihi — Lemma: ego; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: dative singular; Function: indirect object; Translation: “to me”; Notes: refers to Pharaoh.
  6. etiam — Lemma: etiam; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: adverb; Function: intensifier; Translation: “also”; Notes: adds emphasis.
  7. hac — Lemma: hic; Part of Speech: pronoun/adjective; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: modifies vice; Translation: “this”; Notes: demonstrative.
  8. vice — Lemma: vicis; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: ablative of time; Translation: “time”; Notes: phrase means “this time.”
  9. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: coordinating; Function: joins two imperatives; Translation: “and”; Notes: simple connector.
  10. rogate — Lemma: rogo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present active imperative second plural; Function: second command; Translation: “pray”; Notes: appeals for intercession.
  11. Dominum — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: object of rogate; Translation: “LORD”; Notes: refers to YHWH.
  12. Deum — Lemma: Deus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: in apposition to Dominum; Translation: “God”; Notes: reinforces identity.
  13. vestrum — Lemma: vester; Part of Speech: adjective/pronoun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: modifies Deum; Translation: “your”; Notes: addressed to Moses and Aaron.
  14. ut — Lemma: ut; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: introduces purpose clause; Function: expresses intention; Translation: “that”; Notes: requires subjunctive.
  15. auferat — Lemma: aufero; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present active subjunctive third singular; Function: verb of purpose clause; Translation: “may take away”; Notes: Pharaoh seeks removal of plague.
  16. a — Lemma: a/ab; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: expresses separation; Translation: “from”; Notes: standard ablative usage.
  17. me — Lemma: ego; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: ablative singular; Function: object of preposition; Translation: “me”; Notes: Pharaoh seeks relief.
  18. mortem — Lemma: mors; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: direct object of auferat; Translation: “death”; Notes: meaning “the deadly plague.”
  19. istam — Lemma: iste; Part of Speech: pronoun/adjective; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: modifies mortem; Translation: “this”; Notes: demonstrative of near disdain.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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