Exodus 11:1

Posted on March 2, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

1Ex 11: Et dixit Dominus ad Moysen: Adhuc una plaga tangam Pharaonem et Ægyptum, et post hæc dimittet vos, et exire compellet.

And the LORD said to Moyses: “Yet one more plague I will strike upon Pharao and Egypt, and after these things he will let you go, and he will even compel you to go out.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Et and CONJ
2 dixit said 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
3 Dominus the LORD NOM.SG.M
4 ad to PREP+ACC
5 Moysen Moses ACC.SG.M
6 Adhuc yet ADV
7 una one NOM.SG.F
8 plaga plague NOM.SG.F
9 tangam I will strike 1SG.FUT.ACT.SUBJ
10 Pharaonem Pharaoh ACC.SG.M
11 et and CONJ
12 Ægyptum Egypt ACC.SG.F
13 et and CONJ
14 post after PREP+ACC
15 hæc these things ACC.PL.N
16 dimittet he will let go 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
17 vos you ACC.PL
18 et and CONJ
19 exire to go out PRES.ACT.INF
20 compellet he will compel 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND

Syntax

Speech Introduction:
Subject: Dominus
Verb: dixit
Indirect Object: ad Moysen

Prophecy Clause:
Adhuc una plaga — subject phrase (“yet one more plague”)
tangam — future subjunctive used as prophetic assertion
Pharaonem et Ægyptum — compound direct object

Result Clause:
post hæc dimittet vos — consequence after the final plague

Forcible Action:
exire compellet — “he will compel you to go out”

Morphology

  1. Et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: coordinating; Function: connects narrative sequence; Translation: “and”; Notes: standard narrative connector.
  2. dixit — Lemma: dico; Part of Speech: verb; Form: perfect active indicative 3rd singular; Function: introduces divine speech; Translation: “said”; Notes: narrative perfect.
  3. Dominus — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject; Translation: “the LORD”; Notes: refers to YHWH.
  4. ad — Lemma: ad; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: marks recipient of speech; Translation: “to”; Notes: regular with verbs of saying.
  5. Moysen — Lemma: Moyses; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: indirect object; Translation: “Moses”; Notes: addressed party.
  6. Adhuc — Lemma: adhuc; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: indeclinable; Function: intensifier; Translation: “yet”; Notes: anticipates final action.
  7. una — Lemma: unus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: nominative singular feminine; Function: modifies plaga; Translation: “one”; Notes: specifies final plague.
  8. plaga — Lemma: plaga; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular feminine; Function: subject of tangam; Translation: “plague”; Notes: blow or strike.
  9. tangam — Lemma: tango; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future active subjunctive 1st singular; Function: divine future intent; Translation: “I will strike”; Notes: prophetic use of subjunctive.
  10. Pharaonem — Lemma: Pharao; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: direct object; Translation: “Pharaoh”; Notes: sovereign target of plague.
  11. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: coordinating; Function: links objects; Translation: “and”; Notes: simple connector.
  12. Ægyptum — Lemma: Ægyptus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: second object of tangam; Translation: “Egypt”; Notes: land and people.
  13. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: coordinating; Function: links subsequent result; Translation: “and”; Notes: continues divine statement.
  14. post — Lemma: post; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: temporal relation; Translation: “after”; Notes: introduces result timing.
  15. hæc — Lemma: hic; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: accusative plural neuter; Function: object of post; Translation: “these things”; Notes: refers to plagues.
  16. dimittet — Lemma: dimitto; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future active indicative 3rd singular; Function: main verb of result; Translation: “he will let go”; Notes: Pharaoh’s future action.
  17. vos — Lemma: vos; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: accusative plural; Function: object of dimittet; Translation: “you”; Notes: refers to Israelites.
  18. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: coordinating; Function: adds final emphasis; Translation: “and”; Notes: introduces further result.
  19. exire — Lemma: exeo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present active infinitive; Function: complementary infinitive with compellet; Translation: “to go out”; Notes: expresses action compelled.
  20. compellet — Lemma: compello; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future active indicative 3rd singular; Function: verb expressing force; Translation: “he will compel”; Notes: expresses Pharaoh’s eventual desperation.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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