Exodus 25:37

Posted on March 16, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 25:37 Facies et lucernas septem, et pones eas super candelabrum, ut luceant ex adverso.

And you shall also make seven lamps, and you shall place them upon the lampstand, so that they may shine toward the front.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Facies you shall make 2SG.FUT.ACT.IND
2 et and CONJ
3 lucernas lamps ACC.PL.F.1ST DECL
4 septem seven INVAR.NUM
5 et and CONJ
6 pones you shall place 2SG.FUT.ACT.IND
7 eas them ACC.PL.F.PRON
8 super upon PREP+ACC
9 candelabrum lampstand ACC.SG.N.2ND DECL
10 ut so that CONJ.SUBJ
11 luceant they may shine 3PL.PRES.ACT.SUBJ
12 ex from PREP+ABL
13 adverso the front ABL.SG.N.2ND DECL

Syntax

Main directive:
Facies … lucernas septem — a command to manufacture seven lamps.

Second directive:
et pones eas super candelabrum — instruction to place them on the lampstand itself.

Purpose clause:
ut luceant ex adverso — the lamps are arranged so that they shine outward toward the front.

Morphology

  1. Facies — Lemma: facio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future active indicative second singular; Function: main command verb; Translation: you shall make; Notes: instruction to Moses.
  2. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: connects clauses; Translation: and; Notes: simple coordination.
  3. lucernas — Lemma: lucerna; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural feminine; Function: direct object of facies; Translation: lamps; Notes: refers to menorah lamps.
  4. septem — Lemma: septem; Part of Speech: numeral; Form: invariable; Function: quantifier for lucernas; Translation: seven; Notes: fixed numeral.
  5. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: links additional command; Translation: and; Notes: sequential instruction.
  6. pones — Lemma: pono; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future active indicative second singular; Function: main verb; Translation: you shall place; Notes: follows earlier command.
  7. eas — Lemma: is, ea, id; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: accusative plural feminine; Function: object of pones; Translation: them; Notes: refers to the seven lamps.
  8. super — Lemma: super; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: spatial relation; Translation: upon; Notes: indicates placement.
  9. candelabrum — Lemma: candelabrum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: object of super; Translation: lampstand; Notes: refers to menorah base.
  10. ut — Lemma: ut; Part of Speech: subordinating conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: introduces purpose clause; Translation: so that; Notes: triggers subjunctive.
  11. luceant — Lemma: luceo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present active subjunctive third plural; Function: verb of purpose clause; Translation: they may shine; Notes: expresses intended function.
  12. ex — Lemma: ex; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: +ablative; Function: expresses spatial orientation; Translation: from; Notes: indicates direction outward.
  13. adverso — Lemma: adversus (substantivized); Part of Speech: noun/adverbial ablative; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: object of ex; Translation: the front; Notes: directional sense: “toward the front.”

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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