Exodus 25:36

Posted on March 16, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 25:36 Et sphærulæ igitur et calami ex ipso erunt, universa ductilia de auro purissimo.

And the knobs therefore and the branches shall be from it itself, all hammered work of very pure gold.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Et and CONJ
2 sphærulæ knobs NOM.PL.F.1ST DECL
3 igitur therefore ADV
4 et and CONJ
5 calami branches NOM.PL.M.2ND DECL
6 ex from PREP+ABL
7 ipso from itself ABL.SG.N.PRON.DEM
8 erunt shall be 3PL.FUT.ACT.IND
9 universa all NOM.PL.N.ADJ
10 ductilia hammered-work NOM.PL.N.ADJ
11 de of PREP+ABL
12 auro gold ABL.SG.N.2ND DECL
13 purissimo very pure ABL.SG.N.ADJ.SUPER

Syntax

Coordinated subject:
sphærulæ … et calami — the knobs and the branches together serve as the subject of erunt.

Inferential adverb:
igitur — connects this statement logically with the previous description.

Source phrase:
ex ipso — indicates that the decorative parts originate from the lampstand itself.

Predicate phrase:
erunt universa ductilia — all parts must be hammered work.

Material phrase:
de auro purissimo — specifies the material: the purest gold.

Morphology

  1. Et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: links sphærulæ with preceding context; Translation: and; Notes: narrative connector.
  2. sphærulæ — Lemma: sphærula; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative plural feminine; Function: subject; Translation: knobs; Notes: decorative elements on menorah arms.
  3. igitur — Lemma: igitur; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: indeclinable; Function: introduces logical consequence; Translation: therefore; Notes: inferential connective.
  4. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: links calami to sphærulæ; Translation: and; Notes: simple coordination.
  5. calami — Lemma: calamus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: coordinated subject; Translation: branches; Notes: menorah arms.
  6. ex — Lemma: ex; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: expresses origin; Translation: from; Notes: indicates material source.
  7. ipso — Lemma: ipse; Part of Speech: demonstrative pronoun; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: object of ex; Translation: from it itself; Notes: emphasizes unity of craftsmanship.
  8. erunt — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future active indicative third plural; Function: main verb; Translation: shall be; Notes: expresses required future state.
  9. universa — Lemma: universus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: nominative plural neuter; Function: modifies ductilia; Translation: all; Notes: totality of components.
  10. ductilia — Lemma: ductilis; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: nominative plural neuter; Function: predicate nominative; Translation: hammered work; Notes: indicates method of fabrication.
  11. de — Lemma: de; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: expresses material; Translation: of; Notes: standard ablative of material.
  12. auro — Lemma: aurum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: complement of de; Translation: gold; Notes: refers to precious metal.
  13. purissimo — Lemma: purissimus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: ablative singular neuter superlative; Function: modifies auro; Translation: very pure; Notes: SUPER, not comparative.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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