Leviticus 6:3

Posted on April 6, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 6:3 sive rem perditam invenerit, et inficians insuper peieraverit, et quodlibet aliud ex pluribus fecerit, in quibus solent peccare homines,

or if he has found a lost thing, and denying it has moreover sworn falsely, or has done any other thing from among many, in which human beings are accustomed to sin,

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 sive or if CONJ
2 rem a thing NOUN, ACC.SG.F
3 perditam lost PTCP, PERF.PASS.ACC.SG.F
4 invenerit has found VERB, 3SG.FUTP.ACT.IND
5 et and CONJ
6 inficians denying PTCP, PRES.ACT.NOM.SG.C
7 insuper moreover ADV
8 peieraverit has sworn falsely VERB, 3SG.FUTP.ACT.IND
9 et and CONJ
10 quodlibet whatever PRON, ACC.SG.N
11 aliud other ADJ, ACC.SG.N
12 ex from PREP+ABL
13 pluribus many ADJ, ABL.PL.N
14 fecerit has done VERB, 3SG.FUTP.ACT.IND
15 in in PREP+ABL
16 quibus which PRON, ABL.PL.N, REL
17 solent are accustomed VERB, 3PL.PRES.ACT.IND
18 peccare to sin INF, PRES.ACT
19 homines human beings NOUN, NOM.PL.M

Syntax

sive rem perditam invenerit — alternative conditional clause continuing the legal protasis with anima as the implied feminine subject.
inficians insuper peieraverit — participial phrase plus verb describing denial followed by perjury.
quodlibet aliud ex pluribus fecerit — broad catch-all clause encompassing other offenses.
in quibus solent peccare homines — relative clause characterizing typical human sins.

Morphology

  1. sive — Lemma: sive; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: introduces an alternative condition; Translation: or if; Notes: extends the list of possible offenses.
  2. rem — Lemma: res; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: direct object of invenerit; Translation: a thing; Notes: unspecified property.
  3. perditam — Lemma: perdo; Part of Speech: participle; Form: perfect passive accusative singular feminine; Function: modifies rem; Translation: lost; Notes: indicates prior loss.
  4. invenerit — Lemma: invenio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future perfect active indicative; Function: conditional action; Translation: has found; Notes: completed discovery.
  5. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: links subsequent acts.
  6. inficians — Lemma: infitior; Part of Speech: participle; Form: present active nominative singular common; Function: describes the subject’s action; Translation: denying; Notes: deponent verb with active sense.
  7. insuper — Lemma: insuper; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: intensifier; Translation: moreover; Notes: adds gravity to the offense.
  8. peieraverit — Lemma: peiero; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future perfect active indicative; Function: further conditional act; Translation: has sworn falsely; Notes: perjury against truth.
  9. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: continues enumeration.
  10. quodlibet — Lemma: quodlibet; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: direct object; Translation: whatever; Notes: indefinite scope.
  11. aliud — Lemma: alius; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: modifies quodlibet; Translation: other; Notes: excludes previously listed acts.
  12. ex — Lemma: ex; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: partitive; Translation: from; Notes: indicates selection.
  13. pluribus — Lemma: multus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: ablative plural neuter; Function: object of ex; Translation: many; Notes: broad category.
  14. fecerit — Lemma: facio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future perfect active indicative; Function: summarizes action; Translation: has done; Notes: juridical completion.
  15. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: locative sphere; Translation: in; Notes: contextual domain.
  16. quibus — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: ablative plural neuter relative; Function: refers to pluribus; Translation: which; Notes: introduces defining clause.
  17. solent — Lemma: soleo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person plural present active indicative; Function: habitual action; Translation: are accustomed; Notes: indicates customary behavior.
  18. peccare — Lemma: pecco; Part of Speech: infinitive; Form: present active infinitive; Function: complement of solent; Translation: to sin; Notes: moral failure.
  19. homines — Lemma: homo; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: subject of solent; Translation: human beings; Notes: general reference to mankind.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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