Leviticus 17:15

Posted on April 17, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 17:15 Anima, quæ comederit morticinum, vel captum a bestia, tam de indigenis, quam de advenis, lavabit vestimenta sua et semetipsum aqua, et contaminatus erit usque ad vesperum: et hoc ordine mundus fiet.

A soul that eats what has died naturally, or what has been seized by a beast, whether from the natives, or from the sojourners, shall wash his garments and himself with water, and he shall be unclean until evening; and in this order he shall become clean.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Anima soul NOM.SG.F
2 quæ which NOM.SG.F.REL
3 comederit has-eaten 3SG.PERF.SUBJ.ACT
4 morticinum carcass ACC.SG.N
5 vel or CONJ
6 captum seized ACC.SG.N.PTCP.PERF.PASS
7 a by PREP+ABL
8 bestia beast ABL.SG.F
9 tam both ADV
10 de from PREP+ABL
11 indigenis natives ABL.PL.M
12 quam as-well-as CONJ
13 de from PREP+ABL
14 advenis sojourners ABL.PL.M
15 lavabit shall-wash 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
16 vestimenta garments ACC.PL.N
17 sua his-own ACC.PL.N.PRON.POSS
18 et and CONJ
19 semetipsum himself ACC.SG.M.PRON.REFL
20 aqua with-water ABL.SG.F
21 et and CONJ
22 contaminatus defiled NOM.SG.M.PTCP.PERF.PASS
23 erit will-be 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
24 usque until ADV
25 ad to PREP+ACC
26 vesperum evening ACC.SG.M
27 et and CONJ
28 hoc this ABL.SG.N.DEM
29 ordine order ABL.SG.M
30 mundus clean NOM.SG.M
31 fiet will-become 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND

Syntax

Subject: Anima — the responsible individual
Relative Clause: quæ comederit — defining the offense
Objects of Eating: morticinum, captum a bestia — sources of impurity
Inclusive Scope: tam de indigenis quam de advenis — natives and sojourners alike
Required Actions: lavabit vestimenta sua + semetipsum aqua — ritual washing
Status Clause: contaminatus erit usque ad vesperum — temporary impurity
Result Statement: hoc ordine mundus fiet — restoration through prescribed procedure

Morphology

  1. Anima — Lemma: anima; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative feminine singular, first declension; Function: subject; Translation: soul; Notes: Refers to the individual person.
  2. quæ — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative feminine singular; Function: subject of relative clause; Translation: which; Notes: Links the condition to Anima.
  3. comederit — Lemma: comedo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular perfect subjunctive active; Function: verb of condition; Translation: has eaten; Notes: Legal conditional usage.
  4. morticinum — Lemma: morticinum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative neuter singular, second declension; Function: direct object; Translation: carcass; Notes: Animal that died naturally.
  5. vel — Lemma: vel; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: disjunction; Translation: or; Notes: Presents an alternative case.
  6. captum — Lemma: capio; Part of Speech: participle; Form: accusative neuter singular perfect passive participle; Function: modifies implied animal; Translation: seized; Notes: Indicates violent death.
  7. a — Lemma: a; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing ablative; Function: agent marker; Translation: by; Notes: Introduces the agent.
  8. bestia — Lemma: bestia; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative feminine singular, first declension; Function: object of a; Translation: beast; Notes: Wild animal.
  9. tam — Lemma: tam; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: correlative marker; Translation: both; Notes: Pairs with quam.
  10. de — Lemma: de; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing ablative; Function: source; Translation: from; Notes: Partitive sense.
  11. indigenis — Lemma: indigena; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative masculine plural, first declension; Function: object of de; Translation: natives; Notes: Israelites by birth.
  12. quam — Lemma: quam; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: correlative pair with tam; Translation: as well as; Notes: Completes the correlative construction.
  13. de — Lemma: de; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing ablative; Function: source; Translation: from; Notes: Parallel to the previous phrase.
  14. advenis — Lemma: advena; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative masculine plural, first declension; Function: object of de; Translation: sojourners; Notes: Resident foreigners.
  15. lavabit — Lemma: lavo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future indicative active; Function: main command; Translation: shall wash; Notes: Prescribed ritual action.
  16. vestimenta — Lemma: vestimentum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative neuter plural, second declension; Function: direct object; Translation: garments; Notes: Outer clothing.
  17. sua — Lemma: suus; Part of Speech: possessive pronoun; Form: accusative neuter plural; Function: modifies vestimenta; Translation: his own; Notes: Reflexive possession.
  18. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Links actions.
  19. semetipsum — Lemma: semetipsum; Part of Speech: reflexive pronoun; Form: accusative masculine singular; Function: direct object; Translation: himself; Notes: Emphatic reflexive.
  20. aqua — Lemma: aqua; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative feminine singular, first declension; Function: means; Translation: with water; Notes: Instrument of cleansing.
  21. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Introduces resulting state.
  22. contaminatus — Lemma: contamino; Part of Speech: participle; Form: nominative masculine singular perfect passive participle; Function: predicate adjective; Translation: defiled; Notes: Ritual impurity.
  23. erit — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future indicative active; Function: copula; Translation: will be; Notes: Duration of state.
  24. usque — Lemma: usque; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: temporal limit; Translation: until; Notes: Sets the endpoint.
  25. ad — Lemma: ad; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing accusative; Function: temporal goal; Translation: to; Notes: Used with time expressions.
  26. vesperum — Lemma: vespera; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative masculine singular; Function: object of ad; Translation: evening; Notes: End of impurity period.
  27. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Introduces result.
  28. hoc — Lemma: hic; Part of Speech: demonstrative pronoun; Form: ablative neuter singular; Function: means; Translation: by this; Notes: Refers to the prescribed procedure.
  29. ordine — Lemma: ordo; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative masculine singular, third declension; Function: manner; Translation: order; Notes: Proper sequence.
  30. mundus — Lemma: mundus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: nominative masculine singular; Function: predicate adjective; Translation: clean; Notes: State of purity.
  31. fiet — Lemma: fio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future indicative active; Function: main predicate; Translation: will become; Notes: Resulting transformation.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
This entry was posted in Leviticus. Bookmark the permalink.

Comments are closed.