Leviticus 25:7

Posted on April 25, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

7 iumentis tuis et pecoribus omnia quæ nascuntur, præbebunt cibum.

for your beasts of burden and for your cattle, all the things that are born shall provide food.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 iumentis beasts of burden DAT.PL.N.2ND.DECL
2 tuis your DAT.PL.N.POSS
3 et and CONJ
4 pecoribus cattle DAT.PL.N.3RD.DECL
5 omnia all NOM.PL.N.3RD.DECL
6 quæ which NOM.PL.N.REL
7 nascuntur are born 3PL.PRES.IND.DEP
8 præbebunt will provide 3PL.FUT.IND.ACT
9 cibum food ACC.SG.M.2ND.DECL

Syntax

Dative of Advantage: iumentis tuis and pecoribus — beneficiaries receiving the provision.
Main Clause: omnia (subject) + præbebunt (verb) + cibum (direct object).
Relative Clause: quæ nascuntur — qualifies omnia, describing what “all” refers to.

Morphology

  1. iumentis — Lemma: iumentum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: dative plural neuter, second declension; Function: dative of advantage; Translation: for beasts of burden; Notes: Refers to working animals used for carrying or pulling loads.
  2. tuis — Lemma: tuus; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: dative plural neuter; Function: modifies iumentis; Translation: your; Notes: Locates these animals within the household economy of the addressee.
  3. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordinates datives; Translation: and; Notes: Joins working animals and livestock under the same provision.
  4. pecoribus — Lemma: pecus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: dative plural neuter, third declension; Function: dative of advantage; Translation: for cattle; Notes: Broad term for herd animals, especially livestock kept for sustenance.
  5. omnia — Lemma: omnis; Part of Speech: adjective used substantively; Form: nominative plural neuter, third declension; Function: subject of præbebunt; Translation: all things; Notes: Summarizes all spontaneous produce that arises in the sabbatical year.
  6. quæ — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative plural neuter; Function: introduces a relative clause modifying omnia; Translation: which; Notes: Identifies the scope of “all things” as what naturally comes forth.
  7. nascuntur — Lemma: nascor; Part of Speech: verb (deponent); Form: third person plural present indicative; Function: verb of the relative clause; Translation: are born; Notes: Highlights natural emergence and growth without cultivation.
  8. præbebunt — Lemma: præbeo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person plural future indicative active; Function: main verb; Translation: they will provide; Notes: Future tense expresses guaranteed provision within the sabbatical arrangement.
  9. cibum — Lemma: cibus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine, second declension; Function: direct object of præbebunt; Translation: food; Notes: States the practical outcome: sustenance for both working animals and livestock.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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