Numeri 2:24 (Numbers 2:24)

Posted on April 29, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Nm 2:24 Omnes qui numerati sunt in castris Ephraim, centum octo millia centum per turmas suas: tertii proficiscentur.

All who were counted in the camps of Ephraim: one hundred eight thousand one hundred; according to their companies they shall set out third.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Omnes all PRON.NOM.PL.M
2 qui who PRON.NOM.PL.REL
3 numerati counted PTCP.NOM.PL.M.PERF.PASS
4 sunt are / were 3PL.PRES.ACT.IND
5 in in PREP.ABL
6 castris camps NOUN.ABL.PL.N
7 Ephraim Ephraim PROPN.INDECL
8 centum one hundred NUM.INDECL
9 octo eight NUM.INDECL
10 millia thousand NOUN.ACC.PL.N
11 centum one hundred NUM.INDECL
12 per according to PREP.ACC
13 turmas companies NOUN.ACC.PL.F
14 suas their ADJ.ACC.PL.F.POSS
15 tertii third ORDINAL.NUM.NOM.PL.M
16 proficiscentur shall set out 3PL.FUT.DEP.IND

Syntax

Subject: Omnes — “all.”
This nominative plural pronoun refers collectively to the warriors counted in the tribe.

Relative Clause: qui numerati sunt — “who were counted.”
The participle numerati with sunt forms a passive perfect construction indicating those formally enrolled in the census.

Prepositional Phrase: in castris Ephraim — “in the camps of Ephraim.”
The preposition in governs the ablative plural castris, indicating location.

Numerical Predicate: centum octo millia centum — “one hundred eight thousand one hundred.”
This compound numeral expresses the total number of warriors in the Ephraimite camp.

Distribution Phrase: per turmas suas — “according to their companies.”
This phrase describes the internal military organization.

Movement Clause: tertii proficiscentur — “they shall set out third.”
The ordinal numeral tertii indicates their position in the marching order.

Morphology

  1. Omnes — Lemma: omnis; Part of Speech: adjective/pronoun; Form: nominative plural masculine; Translation: all; Notes: used substantively as the subject.
  2. qui — Lemma: qui, quae, quod; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative plural masculine; Translation: who; Notes: refers to the counted warriors.
  3. numerati — Lemma: numero; Part of Speech: participle; Form: nominative plural masculine perfect passive participle; Translation: counted; Notes: forms passive perfect with sunt.
  4. sunt — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person plural present active indicative; Translation: are / were; Notes: auxiliary verb.
  5. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Translation: in; Notes: indicates location.
  6. castris — Lemma: castra; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative plural neuter; Translation: camps; Notes: plural noun for military encampment.
  7. Ephraim — Lemma: Ephraim; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: indeclinable; Translation: Ephraim; Notes: tribal name.
  8. centum — Lemma: centum; Part of Speech: numeral; Form: indeclinable; Translation: one hundred; Notes: beginning of the compound number.
  9. octo — Lemma: octo; Part of Speech: numeral; Form: indeclinable; Translation: eight; Notes: modifies the thousands value.
  10. millia — Lemma: mille; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural neuter; Translation: thousand; Notes: expresses the thousands unit.
  11. centum — Lemma: centum; Part of Speech: numeral; Form: indeclinable; Translation: one hundred; Notes: completes the compound number.
  12. per — Lemma: per; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Translation: according to; Notes: indicates distribution.
  13. turmas — Lemma: turma; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural feminine; Translation: companies; Notes: refers to military divisions.
  14. suas — Lemma: suus; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: accusative plural feminine; Translation: their; Notes: modifies turmas.
  15. tertii — Lemma: tertius; Part of Speech: ordinal numeral adjective; Form: nominative plural masculine; Translation: third; Notes: indicates position in marching order.
  16. proficiscentur — Lemma: proficiscor; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person plural future deponent indicative; Translation: shall set out; Notes: deponent verb describing departure or marching.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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