Numeri 9:19 (Numbers 9:19)

Posted on May 6, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Nm 9:19 et si evenisset ut multo tempore maneret super illud, erant filii Israel in excubiis Domini, et non proficiscebantur

and if it happened that it remained over it for a long time, the sons of Israel were in the watches of the LORD, and they would not set out

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 et and CONJ
2 si if CONJ
3 evenisset it had happened 3SG.PLUP.ACT.SUBJ
4 ut that CONJ
5 multo for much ABL.SG.N
6 tempore time ABL.SG.N
7 maneret it would remain 3SG.IMP.ACT.SUBJ
8 super over PREP+ACC
9 illud it ACC.SG.N.DEM
10 erant they were 3PL.IMP.ACT.IND
11 filii sons NOM.PL.M
12 Israel Israel INDECL
13 in in PREP+ABL
14 excubiis watches ABL.PL.F
15 Domini of the LORD GEN.SG.M
16 et and CONJ
17 non not ADV
18 proficiscebantur they would set out 3PL.IMP.DEP.IND

Syntax

Conditional Clause: et si evenisset ut multo tempore maneret super illud — hypothetical situation with evenisset introducing a clause of occurrence and ut maneret expressing result or content.

Temporal Phrase: multo tempore — ablative of duration indicating length of time.

Main Clause: erant filii Israel in excubiis Domini — filii Israel as subject, erant verb, with in excubiis Domini expressing state or duty.

Main Clause 2: et non proficiscebantur — coordinated clause expressing continued inactivity.

Morphology

  1. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Links with previous statement.
  2. si — Lemma: si; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: introduces condition; Translation: if; Notes: Sets hypothetical scenario.
  3. evenisset — Lemma: evenio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular pluperfect active subjunctive; Function: verb of conditional clause; Translation: it had happened; Notes: Indicates prior hypothetical occurrence.
  4. ut — Lemma: ut; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: introduces subordinate clause; Translation: that; Notes: Marks content/result clause.
  5. multo — Lemma: multus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: modifies tempore; Translation: much; Notes: Indicates duration.
  6. tempore — Lemma: tempus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: ablative of time; Translation: time; Notes: Duration of event.
  7. maneret — Lemma: maneo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular imperfect active subjunctive; Function: verb of subordinate clause; Translation: it would remain; Notes: Continuous action in subordinate clause.
  8. super — Lemma: super; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: introduces location; Translation: over; Notes: Indicates position.
  9. illud — Lemma: ille; Part of Speech: demonstrative pronoun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: object of super; Translation: it; Notes: Refers to tabernacle.
  10. erant — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person plural imperfect active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: they were; Notes: Continuous state.
  11. filii — Lemma: filius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: subject; Translation: sons; Notes: Collective group.
  12. Israel — Lemma: Israel; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: indeclinable; Function: dependent genitive; Translation: Israel; Notes: Identifies group.
  13. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: introduces state; Translation: in; Notes: Indicates condition.
  14. excubiis — Lemma: excubiae; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative plural feminine; Function: object of in; Translation: watches; Notes: Suggests vigilance or duty.
  15. Domini — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: modifies excubiis; Translation: of the LORD; Notes: Refers to YHWH.
  16. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Links clauses.
  17. non — Lemma: non; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: negation; Translation: not; Notes: Absolute negation.
  18. proficiscebantur — Lemma: proficiscor; Part of Speech: deponent verb; Form: third person plural imperfect indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: they would set out; Notes: Indicates restrained movement.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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