Numeri 9:22 (Numbers 9:22)

Posted on May 6, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Nm 9:22 Si vero biduo aut uno mense vel longiori tempore fuisset super tabernaculum, manebant filii Israel in eodem loco, et non proficiscebantur: statim autem ut recessisset, movebant castra.

But if for two days or one month or a longer time it had been over the tabernacle, the sons of Israel remained in the same place and did not set out: but as soon as it had withdrawn, they would move the camp.

 

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Si if CONJ
2 vero indeed ADV
3 biduo for two days ABL.SG.N
4 aut or CONJ
5 uno one ABL.SG.M
6 mense month ABL.SG.M
7 vel or CONJ
8 longiori longer ABL.SG.N.CMPR
9 tempore time ABL.SG.N
10 fuisset had been 3SG.PLUP.ACT.SUBJ
11 super over PREP+ACC
12 tabernaculum tabernacle ACC.SG.N
13 manebant they remained 3PL.IMP.ACT.IND
14 filii sons NOM.PL.M
15 Israel Israel INDECL
16 in in PREP+ABL
17 eodem the same ABL.SG.M.DEM
18 loco place ABL.SG.M
19 et and CONJ
20 non not ADV
21 proficiscebantur they would set out 3PL.IMP.DEP.IND
22 statim immediately ADV
23 autem however CONJ
24 ut when CONJ
25 recessisset had withdrawn 3SG.PLUP.ACT.SUBJ
26 movebant they would move 3PL.IMP.ACT.IND
27 castra camp ACC.PL.N

Syntax

Conditional Clause: Si vero biduo aut uno mense vel longiori tempore fuisset super tabernaculum — complex temporal condition with coordinated ablative expressions of duration.

Main Clause 1: manebant filii Israel in eodem loco — filii Israel subject, manebant verb, with in eodem loco indicating location.

Main Clause 2: et non proficiscebantur — coordinated clause expressing continued inactivity.

Temporal Clause: statim autem ut recessisset — subordinate clause marking immediate transition.

Main Clause 3: movebant castra — verb with direct object castra.

Morphology

  1. Si — Lemma: si; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: introduces condition; Translation: if; Notes: Sets hypothetical duration.
  2. vero — Lemma: vero; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: emphasis; Translation: indeed; Notes: Adds emphasis to condition.
  3. biduo — Lemma: biduum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: ablative of duration; Translation: for two days; Notes: Fixed expression of time.
  4. aut — Lemma: aut; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: alternative; Translation: or; Notes: Introduces alternative durations.
  5. uno — Lemma: unus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: modifies mense; Translation: one; Notes: Numerical modifier.
  6. mense — Lemma: mensis; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: ablative of duration; Translation: month; Notes: Duration of time.
  7. vel — Lemma: vel; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: alternative; Translation: or; Notes: Expands options.
  8. longiori — Lemma: longus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: ablative singular neuter comparative; Function: modifies tempore; Translation: longer; Notes: Comparative degree.
  9. tempore — Lemma: tempus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: ablative of duration; Translation: time; Notes: General duration.
  10. fuisset — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular pluperfect active subjunctive; Function: verb of clause; Translation: had been; Notes: Completed prior state.
  11. super — Lemma: super; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: introduces location; Translation: over; Notes: Indicates position.
  12. tabernaculum — Lemma: tabernaculum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: object of super; Translation: tabernacle; Notes: Sacred structure.
  13. manebant — Lemma: maneo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person plural imperfect active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: they remained; Notes: Continuous action.
  14. filii — Lemma: filius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: subject; Translation: sons; Notes: Collective group.
  15. Israel — Lemma: Israel; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: indeclinable; Function: dependent genitive; Translation: Israel; Notes: Identifies group.
  16. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: introduces location; Translation: in; Notes: Indicates place.
  17. eodem — Lemma: idem; Part of Speech: demonstrative pronoun; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: modifies loco; Translation: the same; Notes: Emphasizes fixed place.
  18. loco — Lemma: locus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: object of in; Translation: place; Notes: Physical location.
  19. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Links clauses.
  20. non — Lemma: non; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: negation; Translation: not; Notes: Absolute negation.
  21. proficiscebantur — Lemma: proficiscor; Part of Speech: deponent verb; Form: third person plural imperfect indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: they would set out; Notes: Movement restrained.
  22. statim — Lemma: statim; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: modifies clause; Translation: immediately; Notes: Indicates prompt action.
  23. autem — Lemma: autem; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: contrast; Translation: however; Notes: Marks transition.
  24. ut — Lemma: ut; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: introduces temporal clause; Translation: when; Notes: Marks timing.
  25. recessisset — Lemma: recedo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular pluperfect active subjunctive; Function: verb of clause; Translation: had withdrawn; Notes: Indicates departure.
  26. movebant — Lemma: moveo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person plural imperfect active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: they would move; Notes: Beginning of movement.
  27. castra — Lemma: castra; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural neuter; Function: direct object; Translation: camp; Notes: Military-style encampment.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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