Numeri 9:14 (Numbers 9:14)

Posted on May 6, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Nm 9:14 Peregrinus quoque et advena si fuerint apud vos, facient Phase Domino iuxta ceremonias et iustificationes eius. Præceptum idem erit apud vos tam advenæ quam indigenæ.

The foreigner also and the sojourner, if they shall have been among you, shall perform the Phase to the LORD according to its ceremonies and its ordinances. The same command shall be among you both for the sojourner and for the native.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Peregrinus foreigner NOM.SG.M
2 quoque also ADV
3 et and CONJ
4 advena sojourner NOM.SG.M
5 si if CONJ
6 fuerint they shall have been 3PL.FUTP.ACT.IND
7 apud among PREP+ACC
8 vos you ACC.PL
9 facient they shall do 3PL.FUT.ACT.IND
10 Phase Passover ACC.SG.N.INDECL
11 Domino to the LORD DAT.SG.M
12 iuxta according to PREP+ACC
13 ceremonias ceremonies ACC.PL.F
14 et and CONJ
15 iustificationes ordinances ACC.PL.F
16 eius its GEN.SG.N
17 Præceptum command NOM.SG.N
18 idem same NOM.SG.N.DEM
19 erit shall be 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
20 apud among PREP+ACC
21 vos you ACC.PL
22 tam both ADV
23 advenæ for the sojourner GEN.SG.M
24 quam as CONJ
25 indigenæ for the native GEN.SG.M

Syntax

Conditional Clause: Peregrinus quoque et advena si fuerint apud vos — the compound subject Peregrinus and advena is followed by the conditional clause si fuerint apud vos, which sets the circumstance of their presence among Israel.

Main Clause: facient Phase Domino — facient governs the direct object Phase, while Domino is the dative indicating the One to whom the observance is rendered.

Manner Phrase: iuxta ceremonias et iustificationes eius — prepositional phrase expressing conformity to the prescribed rites and ordinances of the Pesaḥ.

Main Clause 2: Præceptum idem erit apud vos — equational clause with Præceptum idem as subject and erit as the copulative verb, stating the unity of the rule.

Correlative Phrase: tam advenæ quam indigenæ — balanced construction expressing equal application of the same command to both the resident foreigner and the native-born member of the community.

Morphology

  1. Peregrinus — Lemma: peregrinus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: part of the compound subject; Translation: foreigner; Notes: Refers to a non-native living in relation to Israel’s community.
  2. quoque — Lemma: quoque; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: modifies Peregrinus; Translation: also; Notes: Extends the scope of the law beyond native Israelites.
  3. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordinates Peregrinus and advena; Translation: and; Notes: Joins two closely related social categories.
  4. advena — Lemma: advena; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: part of the compound subject; Translation: sojourner; Notes: Suggests a resident outsider dwelling among the people.
  5. si — Lemma: si; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: introduces the conditional clause; Translation: if; Notes: Sets the condition for participation.
  6. fuerint — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person plural future perfect active indicative; Function: verb of the conditional clause; Translation: they shall have been; Notes: Marks their prior presence among the community as the condition assumed.
  7. apud — Lemma: apud; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: introduces relational location; Translation: among; Notes: Indicates presence within the midst of the people.
  8. vos — Lemma: vos; Part of Speech: personal pronoun; Form: accusative plural; Function: object of apud; Translation: you; Notes: Refers to the Israelite community addressed by the command.
  9. facient — Lemma: facio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person plural future active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: they shall do; Notes: Here it means to observe or perform the rite.
  10. Phase — Lemma: Phase; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter indeclinable; Function: direct object of facient; Translation: Pesaḥ; Notes: The indeclinable form names the Passover observance itself.
  11. Domino — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: dative singular masculine; Function: dative complement; Translation: to the LORD; Notes: Refers to YHWH as the One for whom the observance is made.
  12. iuxta — Lemma: iuxta; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: introduces conformity phrase; Translation: according to; Notes: Stresses exact adherence to prescribed regulation.
  13. ceremonias — Lemma: ceremonia; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural feminine; Function: object of iuxta; Translation: ceremonies; Notes: Refers to ritual observances attached to the Pesaḥ.
  14. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordinates ceremonias and iustificationes; Translation: and; Notes: Joins ritual acts and legal prescriptions together.
  15. iustificationes — Lemma: iustificatio; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural feminine; Function: object of iuxta; Translation: ordinances; Notes: Refers to binding regulations governing the rite.
  16. eius — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: genitive singular neuter; Function: modifies ceremonias and iustificationes; Translation: its; Notes: Refers back to the Pesaḥ.
  17. Præceptum — Lemma: præceptum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular neuter; Function: subject of erit; Translation: command; Notes: Denotes the binding rule governing observance.
  18. idem — Lemma: idem; Part of Speech: demonstrative pronoun; Form: nominative singular neuter; Function: modifies Præceptum; Translation: same; Notes: Emphasizes the unity and equality of the law.
  19. erit — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future active indicative; Function: copulative verb; Translation: shall be; Notes: States the enduring applicability of the rule.
  20. apud — Lemma: apud; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: introduces relational phrase; Translation: among; Notes: Indicates the sphere in which the command is valid.
  21. vos — Lemma: vos; Part of Speech: personal pronoun; Form: accusative plural; Function: object of apud; Translation: you; Notes: Refers again to the community addressed.
  22. tam — Lemma: tam; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: first element in correlative pair; Translation: both; Notes: Prepares the balance completed by quam.
  23. advenæ — Lemma: advena; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: dependent genitive with implied application; Translation: for the sojourner; Notes: Indicates one class to whom the same command belongs.
  24. quam — Lemma: quam; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: second element in correlative pair; Translation: as; Notes: Completes the equivalence begun by tam.
  25. indigenæ — Lemma: indigena; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: dependent genitive with implied application; Translation: for the native; Notes: Refers to the native-born member of the people, placed under the same law as the sojourner.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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