Numeri 18:1 (Numbers 18:1)

Posted on May 15, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Nm 18:1 Dixitque Dominus ad Aaron: Tu, et filii tui, et domus patris tui tecum portabitis iniquitatem Sanctuarii: et tu et filii tui simul sustinebitis peccata sacerdotii vestri.

Then the LORD said to Aaron: “You and your sons and the house of your father with you shall carry the iniquity of the Sanctuary; and you and your sons together shall bear the sins of your priesthood.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Dixitque then said 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
2 Dominus LORD NOM.SG.M
3 ad to PREP+ACC
4 Aaron Aaron ACC.SG.M
5 Tu you NOM.SG.PERS
6 et and CONJ
7 filii sons NOM.PL.M
8 tui your POSS.NOM.PL.M
9 et and CONJ
10 domus house NOM.SG.F
11 patris of father GEN.SG.M
12 tui your POSS.GEN.SG.M
13 tecum with you ABL.SG.PERS
14 portabitis you shall carry 2PL.FUT.ACT.IND
15 iniquitatem iniquity ACC.SG.F
16 Sanctuarii of Sanctuary GEN.SG.N
17 et and CONJ
18 tu you NOM.SG.PERS
19 et and CONJ
20 filii sons NOM.PL.M
21 tui your POSS.NOM.PL.M
22 simul together ADV
23 sustinebitis you shall bear 2PL.FUT.ACT.IND
24 peccata sins ACC.PL.N
25 sacerdotii of priesthood GEN.SG.N
26 vestri your POSS.GEN.SG.N

Syntax

Main Clause: Dixitque Dominus — subject Dominus with verb Dixitque introduces direct address to Aaron.

Indirect Address Phrase: ad Aaron — prepositional phrase marking recipient.

Compound Subject: Tu et filii tui et domus patris tui tecum — extended coordinated subject including Aaron his sons and ancestral house with accompaniment tecum.

Verb Phrase: portabitis — future action assigned to the compound subject.

Object: iniquitatem Sanctuarii — direct object with genitive specifying sphere of guilt.

Second Clause: et tu et filii tui simul sustinebitis peccata sacerdotii vestri — coordinated clause repeating subject for emphasis with adverb simul and verb sustinebitis.

Object: peccata sacerdotii vestri — plural object specifying sins belonging to priesthood.

Morphology

  1. Dixitque — Lemma: dico; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular perfect active indicative with enclitic conjunction; Function: main verb introducing speech; Translation: then said; Notes: the enclitic -que connects this action closely to the preceding narrative.
  2. Dominus — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine second declension; Function: subject of the verb; Translation: LORD; Notes: denotes the divine speaker YHWH.
  3. ad — Lemma: ad; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing accusative; Function: indicates direction toward a person; Translation: to; Notes: marks the recipient of speech.
  4. Aaron — Lemma: Aaron; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: accusative singular masculine indeclinable; Function: object of preposition; Translation: Aaron; Notes: retains Hebrew form without Latin declension.
  5. Tu — Lemma: tu; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: nominative singular second person; Function: part of compound subject; Translation: you; Notes: explicitly stated for emphasis.
  6. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: coordinating; Function: links subject elements; Translation: and; Notes: simple additive coordination.
  7. filii — Lemma: filius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative plural masculine second declension; Function: part of subject; Translation: sons; Notes: refers to Aaron’s descendants.
  8. tui — Lemma: tuus; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: modifies filii; Translation: your; Notes: agrees in number gender and case.
  9. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: coordinating; Function: links additional subject; Translation: and; Notes: continues compound structure.
  10. domus — Lemma: domus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular feminine fourth declension; Function: subject element; Translation: house; Notes: signifies extended household or lineage.
  11. patris — Lemma: pater; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular masculine third declension; Function: dependent genitive; Translation: of father; Notes: specifies ancestral origin.
  12. tui — Lemma: tuus; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: modifies patris; Translation: your; Notes: clarifies possession.
  13. tecum — Lemma: tu; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: ablative singular with enclitic cum; Function: accompaniment phrase; Translation: with you; Notes: expresses association.
  14. portabitis — Lemma: porto; Part of Speech: verb; Form: second person plural future active indicative; Function: main verb of first clause; Translation: you shall carry; Notes: indicates obligation assigned to group.
  15. iniquitatem — Lemma: iniquitas; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine third declension; Function: direct object; Translation: iniquity; Notes: denotes guilt or liability.
  16. Sanctuarii — Lemma: sanctuarium; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular neuter second declension; Function: genitive modifier; Translation: of Sanctuary; Notes: identifies the sphere of responsibility.
  17. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: coordinating; Function: links second clause; Translation: and; Notes: introduces additional statement.
  18. tu — Lemma: tu; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: nominative singular second person; Function: subject; Translation: you; Notes: repeated for emphasis.
  19. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: coordinating; Function: joins subject; Translation: and; Notes: continues coordination.
  20. filii — Lemma: filius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative plural masculine second declension; Function: subject; Translation: sons; Notes: refers again to priestly lineage.
  21. tui — Lemma: tuus; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: modifies filii; Translation: your; Notes: agreement maintained.
  22. simul — Lemma: simul; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: indeclinable; Function: modifies verb; Translation: together; Notes: emphasizes collective action.
  23. sustinebitis — Lemma: sustineo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: second person plural future active indicative; Function: main verb of second clause; Translation: you shall bear; Notes: parallels portabitis with similar semantic force.
  24. peccata — Lemma: peccatum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural neuter second declension; Function: direct object; Translation: sins; Notes: plural emphasizes multiple transgressions.
  25. sacerdotii — Lemma: sacerdotium; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular neuter second declension; Function: genitive modifier; Translation: of priesthood; Notes: specifies domain of sin.
  26. vestri — Lemma: vester; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: genitive singular neuter; Function: modifies sacerdotii; Translation: your; Notes: collective possession by priestly group.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
This entry was posted in Numeri. Bookmark the permalink.

Comments are closed.